Aeronautics

Question 1

acceleration
→ to accelerate
 deceleration
→ to decelerate
Acceleration is the change in
velocity over time. To start an
aircraft you need to accelerate it.

Answer 1

Beschleunigung
→ beschleunigen
 Verzögerung, Verlangsamung
→ die Geschwindigkeit verringern

Question 2

to achieve sth
→ achievement
The glider achieves lift in three
different ways. A successful
performance can also be called an achievement.

Answer 2

etw. erreichen, leisten, ausführen
→ Erfolg, Leistung, Ergebnis

Question 3

aerodynamic forces
→ drag
→ thrust
→ weight / gravity
→ lift / buoyancy
Various aerodynamic forces act on
a plane during flight.
Drag is the resistance force of the
air. Turbines provide thrust for the airplane.
The weight of an object is the force of gravity on the object and is measured in Newton.
Lift must be greater than weight to make the aircraft fly.
Buoyancy is the upward force
exerted by a fluid.

Answer 3

aerodynamische Kräfte
→ (Luft)widerstand
→ Vorstoß, Schub, Vortrieb
→ Schwerkraft, Gewicht
→ Auftrieb

Question 4

aeronautics
National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) is
responsible for the American
public space programme.

Answer 4

Luftfahrt, Aeronautik (Flugtechnik)

Question 5

air traffic control
→ air traffic controller
The air traffic control guides the
planes through the air. An air
traffic controller coordinates the traffic in the sky.

Answer 5

Flugsicherungskontrolle
→ Fluglotse

Question 6

air tunnel
In an air tunnel the aerodynamics
of a special vehicle shape can be tested.

Answer 6

Windkanal

Question 7

airspace
The European Union has issued a list of airlines which are not
allowed to operate in its airspace.

Answer 7

Luftraum

Question 8

altitude [æltitju:d]
→ cruising altitude
≠ height
During flight, pilots receive
instructions from air traffic control
stations on the cruising altitude
they can fly at.

Answer 8

Höhe über NN
→ Flughöhe
≠ Höhe (über dem Boden)

Question 9

approach
→ to approach sb/sth
The approach control office guides
the planes to the ground.
A plane approaches an airport for landing.

Answer 9

Anflug, Annäherung, Herangehen;
Ansatz, Vorgehen(sweise)
→ sich jdm./einer Sache nähern,
an jdn./etw herankommen

Question 10

aviation
Aviation is an important sector of our economy.

Answer 10

Luftfahrt, Flugwesen

Question 11

axis, pl. axes
→ lateral axis
→ longitudinal axis
→ vertical axis
An axis is an imaginary line
through the centre.
When pitching, a plane turns on its lateral axis (from wing tip to wing tip).
When rolling, a plane turns on its longitudinal axis (from nose to tail).
When yawing, a plane turns on its vertical axis (from top to bottom).

Answer 11

Achse
→ Querachse
→ Längsachse
→ Hochachse, senkrechte Achse

Question 12

brake
→ to brake
Brakes are used to decelerate a
car

Answer 12

Bremse
→ bremsen

Question 13

combustion chamber
→ to combust
→ internal combustion engine
(IC engine)
→ combustor
In a combustion engine, the fuel is ignited in the combustion engine.
During the combusting process,
CO2 is produced.

Answer 13

Verbrennungsraum
→ verbrennen
→ Verbrennungsmotor
→ Combustor, Brennkammer

Question 14

compressor
→ to compress
A gas compressor is a mechanical
device that increases the pressure
of a gas by reducing its volume.

Answer 14

Kompressor
→ komprimieren,
zusammendrücken

Question 14

concept vehicle

Answer 14

Konzeptfahrzeug

Question 15

congestion
→ traffic congestion
Some inner cities have introduced
the concept of congestion zones to restrict the amount of traffic.

Answer 15

Überlastung, Ballung, Andrang
→ Verkehrsstau

Question 16

considerable
→ to consider sth
The damage to this vehicle will
cause considerable repair work.

Answer 16

ansehnlich, beträchtlich
→ etw beachten, bedenken

Question 17

console
Pilots spend a lot of training time
on flight simulator consoles.

Answer 17

Bedienungspult

Question 18

craft (pl.: craft)
→ aircraft
→ watercraft
→ hovercraft
Craft include aircraft, watercraft
and vehicles for transportation on the ground, the sea and in the air

Answer 18

Fahrzeug / Schiff
→ Flugzeug
→ Luftkissenboot

Question 19

destination
The destination of Lufthansa flight
no. LH630 is Dubai

Answer 19

Bestimmungsort, Fahrziel

Question 20

distress call
MAYDAY is a distress call.

Answer 20

Notruf

Question 21

diversion
→ to divert
An aircraft can be diverted to
another airport in case of adverse
weather conditions

Answer 21

Umleitung
→ umleiten

Question 21

duct
→ exhaust ducts
A duct is a pipe or tube that
carries a liquid or gas

Answer 21

Gang, Röhre
→ Abgaskanal /-leitung

Question 22

economical
≠ economic
Non-contact technology makes
Maglev trains very economical,
i.e. low-cost.

Answer 22

sparsam (im Verbrauch), kostengünstig
≠ betriebs-/volkswirtschaftlich

Question 23

to embed sth. → embedded Engineers embed the control devices in instrument panels. Embedded components are securely fixed into a bigger structure.

Answer 23

einbauen → eingebaut, eingelassen

Question 24

emergency In case of emergency, dial 112.

Answer 24

Notfall

Question 25

to enable sth  to disable sth Even if the desktop has been disabled on the computer, you can enable it as long as you have administrator rights.

Answer 25

etw. einschalten, aktivieren  abschalten, deaktivieren

Question 26

to encourage → encouragement More students should be encouraged to study aeronautics.

Answer 26

anregen, fördern, stärken → Anregung, Zuspruch, Ermutigung

Question 27

exhaust → exhaust nozzle Exhaust nozzles are used to eject the exhausts from the turbine to produce thrust

Answer 27

Abgas → Ausstromdüse

Question 28

fan A fan is an instrument for producing a current of air.

Answer 28

Lüfter, Ventilator, Gebläse, Windflügel, Fächer

Question 29

fuselage (aviat.) ['fjuːzəlɑːʒ] The fuselage is the aircraft's main body section holding crew and passengers or cargo.

Answer 29

Flugzeugrumpf

Question 30

glider A glider is a light aircraft supported only by the dynamic action of air against its surfaces

Answer 30

Segelflugzeug, Gleitflugzeug

Question 31

goods (pl.) → freight → cargo Goods are transported across the world as freight or cargo on airplanes or ships

Answer 31

Güter, Waren → Fracht → Ladung

Question 32

gravity → g-force → to overcome gravity To overcome gravity, the weight force, airplanes generate an opposing force called lift.

Answer 32

Schwerkraft → Beschleunigungskraft → die Schwerkraft überwinden

Question 33

to hover above sth Hovering means floating in the air and keeping the position for a long time.

Answer 33

(in der Luft) schweben

Question 34

helicopter A helicopter is an aircraft that is lifted and propelled by one or more overhead rotors

Answer 34

Hubschrauber

Question 35

hydrogen Hydrogen is a colourless, volatile and highly inflammable gas.

Answer 35

Wasserstoff

Question 36

increase / decrease (in sth) → to increase  to decrease There is an increase in air traffic and a decrease in profits.

Answer 36

Zuwachs, Abnahme → erhöhen, ansteigen, zunehmen  mindern, abfallen, abnehmen

Question 37

inflammable  non-inflammable Inflammable gases can cause dangerous explosions.

Answer 37

entzündlich  nicht entflammbar

Question 38

jet engine → jet A jet airplane is a very fast airplane powered by one or more jet engines

Answer 38

Düsentriebwerk, Strahltriebwerk → Düse(nstrahl)

Question 39

landing gear → gear The landing gear is the structure that is retracted during flight. It supports an aircraft on the ground.

Answer 39

Fahrwerk, Landungsgestell → Ausrüstung, Vorrichtung

Question 40

to lift sth = to raise A crane lifts / raises objects to a higher position.

Answer 40

etw. emporheben

Question 41

to load  to unload Ships are loaded at the dock.

Answer 41

beladen  entladen

Question 42

nozzle A nozzle is often a pipe or tube of varying cross-sectional area.

Answer 42

Düse

Question 42

low carbon footprint Trains are safe, energy-efficient and have a low carbon footprint.

Answer 42

geringe CO2-Bilanz

Question 43

piston The piston moves up and down in a cylinder

Answer 43

Kolben

Question 44

to propose sth → a proposal The team has proposed various alterations to the concept plane

Answer 44

etw. vorschlagen, vorhaben → Vorschlag, Antrag

Question 45

propulsion technology → to propel (a vehicle) There has been a lot of progress in propulsion technology in the last few years.

Answer 45

Antriebstechnologie → (ein Fahrzeug) antreiben

Question 46

radar Radar is an acronym for RAdio Detection And Ranging and a system for detecting the presence, direction, and speed of objects by radio waves.

Answer 46

Radar

Question 47

radio → to radio The pilot communicates with ground control via radio.

Answer 47

Funk(gerät) → funken

Question 48

rocket → to launch a rocket → to rocket Many rockets are launched from Cape Canaveral.

Answer 48

Rakete → eine Rakete starten, abschießen → wie eine Rakete hochschießen

Question 49

rotation / rotary movement → to rotate → pitch; to pitch → roll; to roll → yaw; to yaw In flight dynamics, there are three principal rotations: Pitch is the movement about the lateral axis of the airplane. (→ elevators) An airplane rolls about its longitudinal axis. (→ ailerons) Yaw is the movement about the vertical axis. (→ rudder)

Answer 49

Rotationsbewegung → rotieren → Kippmoment; neigen, nicken → Rollen, Rollbewegung; rollen → Gieren, Gierbewegung; gieren

Question 50

runway Planes take off and land on a runway.

Answer 50

Landebahn

Question 51

service life Modern vehicles have a long service life.

Answer 51

Nutzungs-/Lebensdauer

Question 52

smooth → to smoothen A smooth surface causes less friction.

Answer 52

eben, glatt → ebnen, glätten

Question 53

spatial vision For pilots, spatial vision is an essential condition of employment

Answer 53

räumliches Vorstellungsvermögen

Question 54

speed of sound ~ of light Military jets fly at speeds greater than the speed of sound.

Answer 54

Schallgeschwindigkeit Lichtgeschwindigkeit

Question 55

to spin, span, spun Tail rotors prevent the helicopter from spinning.

Answer 55

wirbeln, schnell drehen, trudeln

Question 56

stability → stabilizer → to stabilize Stabilizers stabilize the aircraft in the air thus providing stability to keep the plane level.

Answer 56

Stabilität → Regler, Stabilisator → stabilisieren

Question 57

statistics (singular word !) The Department of Transport regularly publishes casualty statistics.

Answer 57

Statistik

Question 58

steering wheel → to steer Steering means controlling the direction in which a vehicle moves.

Answer 58

Steuerrad → steuern

Question 59

to streamline → streamlined Drag in a vehicle can be reduced by streamlining its body

Answer 59

stromlinienförmig machen → stromlinienförmig

Question 60

supersonic, ultrasonic (speed)  subsonic (speed) Concorde was a supersonic airplane. Commercial planes travel at subsonic speed.

Answer 60

Überschall(geschwindigkeit)  Unterschall(geschwindigkeit)

Question 61

tail  nose The tail is the back part of a plane.

Answer 61

Flugzeugende  Vorderteil, Bug

Question 62

take-off → to take off Seat belts have to be worn during take-off and landing

Answer 62

Start → abheben, starten

Question 63

thermal (updraft) (also: updraught) Thermal updraft is an upward current or draught of air

Answer 63

thermischer Aufwind

Question 64

to tip A vehicle can tip to one side in stormy weather

Answer 64

kippen

Question 65

track → to track Air traffic controllers track the movement of aircraft in the air

Answer 65

Spur, Kette bei Kettenfahrzeuge → eine Spur verfolgen, nachvollziehen, verfolgen

Question 66

tyre (BE), tire (AE) A car usually runs on tyres whereas track vehicles run on caterpillar tracks.

Answer 66

Reifen

Question 67

turbine engine → turbine A gas turbine engine accelerates gas to provide thrust.

Answer 67

Turbinenmotor → Turbine

Question 68

vehicle ≠ vessel Vehicles move on ground whereas vessels are able to float

Answer 68

Fahrzeuge ≠ Schiff, Hohlkörper

Question 69

velocity = speed Velocity is the distance travelled per time unit.

Answer 69

Geschwindigkeit

Question 70

wing → wingspan → wing tip Wings help to keep an airplane in the air when it is flying. The wingspan of an airplane is the distance from wing tip to wing tip

Answer 70

Flügel, Tragfläche → Flügelspannweite → Flügelspitze, Tragflächenende

Question 71

zeppelin → airship / dirigible Airships or zeppelins or dirigibles were the first aircraft to enable controlled, powered flights, and were widely used before the 1940s

Answer 71

Zeppelin → Luftschiff