introduction to haematology Flashcards
composition of blood
red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, plasma
what is haematopoiesis
generation of blood cells
what is haemostasis
control of clot formation
what are platelets
cell fragments found in bloodstream, has receptors to bind to factors that help clotting
what is plasma
fluid part of blood
amount of blood a person has depends on
size, concentration of ions, amount of adipose tissue, females usually have less
another name for red blood cells
erthrocytes
another name for white blood cells
leukocytes
what is hematocrit
percentage of red blood cells
what do blood cells do
transport oxygen around the body
shape of red blood cells
biconcave shape, no nucleus
what is haemoglobin and what are the 3 types and what they do
pigment in rbc
oxyhaemoglobin- carries oxygen, bright red
deoxyhaemoglobin- doesnt carry oxygen, darker red
carboxyhaemoglobin- carries carbon dioxide
what causes anemia
low rbc count
what regulates production of red blood cells
erythropoietin (EPO)
types of white blood cells
granulocytes, agranulocytes
composition of granulocytes and their functions
neutrophils- destory bacteria, virus and toxins in bloodstream
eosinophils- gets rid of parasitic infections
basophils- controls inflammation and allergic reactions
what do basophils do
controls inflammation and allergic reactions
what do neutrophils do
destroy bacteria, viruses and toxins in the blood
what do eosinophils do
get rid of parasitic infections
composition of agranulocytes and what they do
monocytes- destroy bacteria, viruses and toxins in the blood
lymphocytes- provide immunity for the body (production of antibodies, cell killing etc.)
what do monocytes do
destroy bacteria, viruses and toxins that enter the blood
what do lymphocytes do
provide immunity for the body like producing antibodies and killing cells
difference between granulocytes and agranulocytes
granulocytes exist in the cytoplasm in forms of granules and have 4 lobes and agranulocytes have no granules and are single lobed
what is caused when a patient has elevated wbc count
leukocytosis
what is caused when someone has low wbc count
leukopenia