Intermediary Metabolism 1 Flashcards
Stability, balance, or equilibrium within a cell or body.
Homeostasis
The level or point at which a variable physiological state tends to stabilize.
Set point
Self-adjusting mechanism by the internal system
Feedback regulation
Two types of feedback regulation
Positive and negative feedback regulation
What are the three mechanisms of regulation?
Osmoregulation, Thermoregulation, and chemical regulation
What is positive feedback regulation?
Regulation that acts to speed up the direction of change.
What is negative feedback regulation?
Regulation that acts to reverse the direction of change to maintain the set point.
Which feedback regulation is the most common?
Negative feedback regulation
Name and explain the 3 types of osmoregulation solutions
1.Hypertonic solution- The solution outside the cell is more concentrated than the inside of the cell. Water will move out of the cell by osmosis, causing it to shrink.
- Isotonic solution- The solution inside the cell has the same concentration as the outside of the cell. Water will move in and out of the cell at an equal rate.
- Hypotonic solution- The solution outside of the cell has a lower concentration than the inside of the cell. Water will move into the cell by osmosis, sometimes causing it to burst.
Name the six classes of enzymes.
1.Oxidoreductases
2. Transferases
3.Hydrolases
4.Lyases
5.Isomerases
6.Ligases
Explain what oxidoreductases catalyze
They catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions, which involves the loss or gain of protons.
Explain what reactions do transferases catalyze
They catalyze the transfer of a C-, N-, or P- containing groups.
Explain which reactions do hydrolases catalyze
Catalyze cleavage of bonds by addition of water.
What do lyases catalyze
Catalyze the cleavage of C-C, C-S and certain C-N bonds.
Which reactions do Isomerases catalyze?
Catalyze the racemization of optical or geometric isomers.