White Blood Cells (physiology, Haematology) Flashcards
What are the functional characteristics of WBC? (4)
-All can migrate out of bloodstream-diapedesis.
-Some are phagocytic.
-All are capable of amaeboid movement.
-All are attracted to specific chemical stimuli (chemotaxis)
What are the principal steps in inflammatory response? (4)
- Increase in vascular permeability,
- Entry of activated leukocytes into the tissues,
- Activation of platelets and,
- Spontaneous subsidence (resolution) if the invading microorganism have been dealt with successfully.
Which type of WBC has lysosomal enzymes and bactecidal compounds?
Neutrophils
Main function of neutrophils?
Attack and digest bacteria.
Which type of WBC contains nitric oxide and cytotoxic enzymes?
Eosinophils
Two main functions of eosinophils
-Engulf bacteria, protozoa and cellular debris.
-Release enzymes that reduce inflammation caused by mast cells and neutrophils.
Which type of WBC releases histamine and heparin into circulation?
Basophils
Main function of basophils?
Regulate allergic (hypersensitive) reactions.
Name the chemoattractants released by monocytes (3)
-IL-1
-Colony stimulating factor.
-Platelet activating factor.
Function of monocytes
They enter peripheral tissues and become macrophages.
Main function of lymphocytes
They produce antibodies.
What is the difference btwn leukopenia, leukocytosis and leukemia?
Leukopenia- low levels of WBC.
Leukocytosis- High levels of WBC.
Leukemia- cancer of WBC.
What are colony-stimulating factors?
These are hormones that regulate WBC population.
Name and describe the four CSFs
Multi-CST: Accelerates the production of granulocytes, monocytes, platelets and RBCs.
GM-CSF: Stimulate production of granulocytes and monocytes.
G-CSF: Stimulate the production of granulocytes.
M-CSF: Stimulate the production of monocytes.
