Cholesterol, Diabetes, Gout (pharmacology) Flashcards
What are the drugs that are used for regulation or decrease of cholesterol in the body?
HMG Coa reductase inhibitors
Absorption inhibitors
Niacin
Fibric acid
Bile acid sequestrants
PCSK9 inhibitors
What is the mechanism of action for niacin? And an example of a clue for the drugs.
Example-Nicotinic acid
-They inhibit lipolysis, which decreases the conversion of TG to FFA.
-Inhibits VLDL secretion and synthesis in the liver. (VLDL carries cholesterol)
What is the mechanism of action for PCSK9 inhibitors?
-Clue: drug names have the suffix -cumab.
-PCSK9 promotes the metabolism and degradation of LDL receptor.
-The inhibitors increases the uptake of LDL.
What is the mechanism of action for HMG CoA inhibitors?
Clue:The drug names have the suffix -vastin.
-They inhibit HMG CoA reductase which is an enzyme responsible for the conversion of HMG CoA to cholesterol.
What is the mechanism of action for bile acid sequestrants?
-Clue: Drug names have the prefix colest-.
-They inhibit the release of bile acids.
-The liver will then synthesise more bile acid from the cholesterol in our body.
What is the mechanism of action for fibric acid?
-Clue:Drug names end with the suffix -fibrate.
-They activate lipoprotein lipase.
-That enzyme hydrolyses the conversion of TG to FFA.
-Accelerates the removal of VLDL and cholesterol.
What is the mechanism of action for absorption inhibitors?
-Drug: Ezetimibe
-They prevent the absorption of cholesterol in the small intestines.
What are the classes of drugs used for type 2 diabetes mellitus? (8)
-Insulin sensitizers
-Insulin secretagogues
-Incretin based therapy
-Excretion based therapy
-Amylin mimetics
-Alpha glucosidase inhibitors
-Bile salt bindin resin
-Dopamine agonists
What is the mechanism of action for amylin mimetics? And an example or clue.
-Causes satiety, suppresses gastric emptying and glucagon release.
Drug: Pramlintide
What is the mechanism of action for insulin secretagogues?
-They increase insulin release.
Clue-Drug name has -gli-, e.g glibenclamide.
-Glinides , have the suffix -glinide.
What is the mechanism of action for bile salt binding resin?
E.G Colesevelam
-MOA unknown
What is the mechanism of action for dopamine agonist?
Drug: Bromocriptine
-They increase dopamine release which increases insulin sensitivity.
What is the mechanism of action for insulin sensitizers?
-They increases glucose uptake into cells, or skeletal muscles and fat cells.
E.G. Metformin and thiazolidinediones.
What is the mechanism of action for incretin based therapy?
-E.G. GIP, GLP, and suffix -gliptin
-They increase insulin secretion.
What is the mechanism of action for alpha glucosidase inhibitors?
They prevent GI absorption of dextrin, starch and disaccharides.
Drug: Arcabose
