3.2 transport in animals Flashcards
Define tachycardia
heart beats too fast
Define bradycardia
heart beats too slow
Define ectopic
heart skips a beat or extra beat is added
Define fibrilliation
heart contracts at an irregular way
Define systole
ventricles are contracted
Define diastole
ventricles are relaxed
What is the tunica intima made up of in an artery
endothelial layer, connective tissue layer, elastic fibres
Function of the tunica intima in the artery
reduce friction
What is the tunica media made out of in the artery
elastic lamellae, connective tissue, smooth muscle
Why is the tunica media layer thick in the artery
- withstand high pressures
- contract and narrow lumen for reduced blood flow
Function of elastic tissues in the tunica media in the artery
recoil and change blood pressures
What is the tunica adventita made out of in the artery
collagen
Function of collagen in the tunica adventita in the artery
protects blood vessels from over stretching
Function of a larger lumen in a vein
- ensures blood returns to the heart
- reduces friction between the blood and endothelial layer
- more volume of blood carried
Why is the tunic media poorly developed
do not need to withstand high pressures
Where is the bicuspid valve found
between the left atrium and left ventricle
Where is the tricuspid valve found
between the right atrium and right ventricle
Where is the aortic valve found
between the left ventricle and aorta
Where is the pulmonary valve found
between the right ventricle and pulmonary valve