15. Collective action I

Question 1

Collective Action

Answer 1

An action promoting the interests of one’s ingroup, often in response to grievances

Question 2

Grievances

Answer 2

Percieved injustices (to the ingroup)

Question 3

Evidence that grievances cause and correlate with collective action

Answer 3

Meta-analysis (van Zomeren et al., 2008)

Question 4

What are the types of grievances

Answer 4

• social
• economic
• political
• environmental

Question 5

Relative Deprivation Theory

Answer 5

Feeling that you are ‘worse off’ than others / you were in the past / you could be in the future

Strong relationship between relative deprivation and collective action intentions (Smith et al., 2012)

Question 6

What is Group Efficacy?

Answer 6

The belief that it is possible to address grievances through collective action (Mummendey et al., 1999)

Group efficacy predicts collective action (van Zomeren et al., 2008) (causal and correlational)

Question 7

How does Social Identity affect collective action?

Answer 7

People take collective action to benefit groups they identify with (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) (van Zomeren et al., 2008)

Identity increases sense of efficacy too

Question 8

Models of collective action:
1. SIMCA

Answer 8

Social identity Model of Collective Action (SIMCA):

ㅤㅤㅤ⬈ Grievances ⬊
Identity ㅤㅤ⮕ ㅤㅤㅤCollective action
ㅤㅤㅤ⬊ㅤEfficacyㅤ⬈

• Identity has direct effects & indirect effects on collective action
• It is linked to stronger feelings of injustice (grievances) and a greater sense of efficacy to achieve change, both increasing collective action

Question 9

Dual Pathway Model (Sturmer & Simon, 2004)

Answer 9

ㅤㅤㅤㅤㅤㅤ ㅤIdentity pathway ⬊ㅤ
Instrumental ⬈ Collective motive ⬊Collective
pathwayㅤㅤ⮕ㅤSocial motive ㅤ⮕ㅤAction
ㅤㅤㅤㅤㅤㅤ⬊ Reward motiveㅤ⬈

Identity pathway

• Essentially the SIMCA: identity informs action

Insturmental pathway:

• Behaviour results from expected outcomes

Question 10

Duel Pathway Model:
Instumental Pathway Motives

Answer 10

• Collective motive: Motivated by collective benefit
• Social Motive: Motivated by social relationships (connections to people we care for or that encourage protesting make us more likely to take part)
• Reward Motive: Motivated by personal rewards (or risks)

Question 11

What is the instrumental pathway built on?

Answer 11

Rational-choice theory: collective benefits of social movement participation are insufficient because people may free-ride, so they need selective benefits for participation (incentives) (e.g., Olson, 1968)