Prologue Flashcards

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1
Q

Old definition of psychology?

A

The science of mental life

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2
Q

Current definiton of psychology?

A

The scientific study of human behaviour, its mental processes and brain functions

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3
Q

How is psychology a science?

A
  • Conduct research and experiments
  • Work in labs and clinics
  • Use math and statistics to report results
  • Assess, study and treat those with mental health issues
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4
Q

Difference between clinical psychology and psychiatry?

A
  • A clinical psychologist (Ph.D.) studies, assesses, and treats people with psychotherapy
  • Psychiatrists are medical professionals (M.D.) who prescribe treatments like drugs and psychotherapy to treat psychologically diseased patients
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5
Q

Where do the roots of psychology come from?

A

Philosophy (Aristotle)

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6
Q

Where was the first psychological study?

A

Ancient Egypt

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7
Q

Who was the first to study psychological science?

A

Wilhlem Wundt was the first to study the “atoms of the mind” by conducting 1st experiments on reaction times, in Germany, in 1879

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8
Q

Who wrote the first psychology textbook and is known as the father of Psychology?

A

American philosopher William James

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9
Q

Who was the APA’s first female president?

A

Mary Calkins, William James’ student

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10
Q

What is APA?

A

The American Psychological Association is the largest organization of psychology with 160,000 members worldwide

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11
Q

Psychotherapy

Who is responsible for the birth of psychoanalysis and the treatment of abnormal behaviour?

A

Sigmund Freud, an Austrian physician

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12
Q

Behaviourists

Who studied observable behaviour?

A

John Watson (classical conditioning) and later B.F Skinner (operant conditioning)

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13
Q

Humanism

Who emphasized current environmental influences on our growth potential?

A

Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers

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14
Q

What are psychology’s current perspectives?

A
  • Neuroscience
  • Evolutionary
  • Behavior genetics
  • Cognitive
  • Social-cultural
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15
Q

What are the research subfields of psychology?

A
  • Biological: explore the links between brain and body
  • Developmental: study changing abilities from womb to tomb
  • Personality: investigates our persistent traits
  • Social: how we view and affect each other
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16
Q

What are the applied subfields in psychology?

A
  • Clinical: studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders
  • counseling: academic, vocational, and marital challenges
  • Educational: studies and helps individuals in schools
  • Industrial/organizational: studies and advises on behavior in the workplace
17
Q

What happened in the case of Andrea Yates?

A

She drowned all her children to save them from “burning in hell” and recieved an insanity plee

18
Q

What are psychology’s three main levels of analysis?

A

Biopsychosocial approach