Prologue

Question 1

Old definition of psychology?

Answer 1

The science of mental life

Question 2

Current definiton of psychology?

Answer 2

The scientific study of human behaviour, its mental processes and brain functions

Question 3

How is psychology a science?

Answer 3

• Conduct research and experiments
• Work in labs and clinics
• Use math and statistics to report results
• Assess, study and treat those with mental health issues

Question 4

Difference between clinical psychology and psychiatry?

Answer 4

• A clinical psychologist (Ph.D.) studies, assesses, and treats people with psychotherapy
• Psychiatrists are medical professionals (M.D.) who prescribe treatments like drugs and psychotherapy to treat psychologically diseased patients

Question 5

Where do the roots of psychology come from?

Answer 5

Philosophy (Aristotle)

Question 6

Where was the first psychological study?

Answer 6

Ancient Egypt

Question 7

Who was the first to study psychological science?

Answer 7

Wilhlem Wundt was the first to study the “atoms of the mind” by conducting 1st experiments on reaction times, in Germany, in 1879

Question 8

Who wrote the first psychology textbook and is known as the father of Psychology?

Answer 8

American philosopher William James

Question 9

Who was the APA’s first female president?

Answer 9

Mary Calkins, William James’ student

Question 10

What is APA?

Answer 10

The American Psychological Association is the largest organization of psychology with 160,000 members worldwide

Question 11

Psychotherapy

Who is responsible for the birth of psychoanalysis and the treatment of abnormal behaviour?

Answer 11

Sigmund Freud, an Austrian physician

Question 12

Behaviourists

Who studied observable behaviour?

Answer 12

John Watson (classical conditioning) and later B.F Skinner (operant conditioning)

Question 13

Humanism

Who emphasized current environmental influences on our growth potential?

Answer 13

Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers

Question 14

What are psychology’s current perspectives?

Answer 14

• Neuroscience
• Evolutionary
• Behavior genetics
• Cognitive
• Social-cultural

Question 15

What are the research subfields of psychology?

Answer 15

• Biological: explore the links between brain and body
• Developmental: study changing abilities from womb to tomb
• Personality: investigates our persistent traits
• Social: how we view and affect each other

Question 16

What are the applied subfields in psychology?

Answer 16

• Clinical: studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders
• counseling: academic, vocational, and marital challenges
• Educational: studies and helps individuals in schools
• Industrial/organizational: studies and advises on behavior in the workplace

Question 17

What happened in the case of Andrea Yates?

Answer 17

She drowned all her children to save them from “burning in hell” and recieved an insanity plee

Question 18

What are psychology’s three main levels of analysis?

Answer 18

Biopsychosocial approach