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EQ 1 > CORRE Q1 > Flashcards

CORRE Q1 Flashcards

1
Q

comprises all the components of a bridge above the supports including deck, girder, truss, etc.

A

Superstructure

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2
Q

directly carries traffic, while other portions of the superstructure bear the loads passing over it and transmit them to the substructures.

A

The deck

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3
Q

Also known as the course is that portion of the deck cross section which resists traffic wear.

A

WEARING SURFACE

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4
Q

Wearing surface is also known as the

A

Course

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5
Q

This is the physical extension of the roadway across the obstruction to be bridged.

A

Deck

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6
Q

Its main function is to distribute loads transversely along the bridge cross section.

A

Deck

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7
Q

This is used to distribute loads longitudinally and are usually designed principally to resist
flexure and shear.

A

Primary Members

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8
Q

possess a larger depth and may have a cover plate welded to the bottom of them to carry heavier loads.

A

the outside or fascia primary members

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9
Q

Rather than have the slab rest directly on the primary member, a small fillet or _______ can be placed between the deck slab and the top flange of the stringer.

A

haunch

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10
Q

Beam type primary members such as this are also called ____________

A

stringers or girders.

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11
Q

This are bracing between primary members designed to resist cross-sectional deformation of the superstructure frame and help distribute part of the vertical load between stringers.

A

SECONDARY MEMBERS

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12
Q

Secondary members, composed of crossed frames at the top or bottom flange of a stringer, are used to resist _____________

A

lateral deformation

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13
Q

consists of all elements required to support the superstructure and overpass roadway.

A

Substructure

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14
Q

is used for supporting the bridge superstructure and transmits all those loads to ground.

A

Substructure

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15
Q

These are earth-retaining structures which support the superstructure and overpass roadway at the beginning and end of a bridge.

A

Abutments

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16
Q

resist the longitudinal forces of the earth underneath the overpass roadway

A

Abutments

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17
Q

are structures which support the superstructure at intermediate points between the end supports (abutments).

A

PIERS

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18
Q

are one of the most visible components of a highway bridge and can make the difference between a visually pleasing structure and an unattractive one.

A

PIERS

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19
Q

These are mechanical systems which transmit the vertical and horizontal loads of the superstructure to the substructure and accommodate movements between the superstructure and the substructure.

A

BEARING

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20
Q

Bearings allowing both rotation and longitudinal translation are called ___________, and those which allow rotation only are called

A

-expansion bearings
-fixed bearings

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21
Q

This is a short column on an abutment or pier under a bearing which directly supports a superstructure primary member.

A

PEDESTAL

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22
Q

The term _______ is also used to refer to the elevation at the top surface of the pedestal.

A

bridge seat

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23
Q

is the primary component of the abutment acting as a retaining structure at each approach.

A

BACKWALL

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24
Q

Sometimes called
the stem

A

BACKWALL

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25
Q

This is a side wall to the abutment backwall designed to assist in confining earth behind the abutment

A

WINGWALL

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26
Q

As bearings transfer the superstructure
loads to the substructure, so in turn do the _______________ transfer loads from the substructure to the subsoil or piles.

A

abutment and pier footings

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27
Q

A footing supported by soil without piles is called a _________

A

spread footing

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28
Q

A footing supported by piles is known
as a ________

A

pile cap

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29
Q

When the soil under a footing cannot provide adequate support for the substructure (in
terms of bearing capacity, overall stability, or settlement), support is obtained using ______, which extend down from the footing to a stronger soil layer or to bedrock.

A

piles

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30
Q

In cofferdams or shallow excavation, the vertical planks which are driven into the
ground to act as temporary retaining walls permitting excavation are known as _______-

A

sheeting

31
Q

is any part of the bridge or bridge site which is not a major structural component yet serves some purpose in the overall functionality of the structure

A

A bridge accessory/appurtenance

32
Q

The slope that tapers from the abutment to the underpass (embankment) is covered with a material called __________, which should be both aesthetically pleasing and provide for proper drainage and erosion control.

A

slope protection

33
Q

could be made of dry stone or even block pavement material.

A

slope protection

34
Q

For water way crossings, _____________- are usually used for foundation scour protection

A

large stones (rip rap)

35
Q

a drainage system made of perforated pipe or other suitable conduit that transports runoff away from the structure and into appropriate drainage channels.

A

UNDERDRAIN

36
Q

The section of overpass roadway which leads up to and away from the bridge abutments.

A

Approach

37
Q

To compensate for potential differential settlement at the approaches, ________________ is sometimes used for a given distance back from the abutment

A

a reinforced concrete slab or approach slab

38
Q

A ____________ is a protective device “used to shield motorists from obstacles or slope located along either side of roadway”.

A

traffic barrier (BRIDGE RAILINGS)

39
Q

is the distance between centers of two bearings at supports.

A

Span length or Clear span

40
Q

The distance between the end of wing walls at either abutments or the deck lane length for bridges without using abutments

A

Bridge Length

41
Q

The sum of the carriageway width, sidewalk width, shoulder width, and the individual elements required to make up the desired bridge cross section

A

DECK WIDTH

42
Q

Includes the deck width and the width of the bridge accessories such as parapets.

A

TOTAL WIDTH

43
Q

Measured from the water surface (or ground, if there is no water) to the undersurface of the bridge.

A

CLEARANCE OF BRIDGE SPAN

44
Q

The space limit for carriageway and sidewalk to ensure the traffic safety above the bridge.

A

CLEARANCE ABOVE BRIDGE FLOOR

45
Q

_____________ allow for the safe expansion and contraction of the bridge deck due to changes in temperature.

A

EXPANSION JOINT

46
Q

BRIDGE CLASSIFICATION

A

▪ Materials of construction
▪ Span length
▪ Position (for movable bridges)
▪ Span types
▪ Deck location
▪ Usage
▪ Geometric shape
▪ Structural form

47
Q

BRIDGE CLASSIFICATION
(Materials of construction)

A
  • Steel
  • Concrete
  • Timber
  • Stone
  • Aluminum
  • Advanced composite materials
48
Q

BRIDGE CLASSIFICATION
According to Span Length

A
  • CULVERTS - L ≤ 20ft (6m)
  • SHORT-SPAN - 20ft < L ≤ 125ft (6m to 38m)
  • MEDIUM-SPAN -125ft < L ≤ 400ft (38m to 125m)
  • LONG-SPAN - L > 400ft (125m)
49
Q

BRIDGE CLASSIFICATION
According to Position-Moveable Bridges

A
  • BASCULE BRIDGES
  • SWING BRIDGES
  • LIFT BRIDGES
  • DRAWBRIDGES.
  • FOLDING BRIDGES.
  • RETRACTABLE BRIDGES.
  • CURLING BRIDGES.
  • TILT BRIDGES.
  • JET BRIDGES
50
Q

Main girders can be lifted together with deck about the hinge located at the end of the span. Depending on the bridge width, the ___________ can be designed as either single or double leafed.

A

Bascule Bridges

51
Q

The girders together with the deck can be swung about the vertical support ring at the pier in the middle (or abutment at the end), to allow the traffic to cross.

A

Swing Bridges

52
Q

gantries are provided at the piers at either end of the span. Both girder and the floor system are lifted by a hydraulic arrangement to the extent required for free passage of the ship.

A

Lift Bridges

53
Q

BRIDGE CLASSIFICATION
According to Interspan Relation

A
  • SIMPLY SUPPORTED (statically determinate )
  • CONTINUOUS (statically indeterminate)
  • CANTILEVER (main girders are cantilevers)
54
Q

BRIDGE CLASSIFICATION
According to Deck Location

A
  • DECK BRIDGES (top)
  • THROUGH BRIDGES (bottom)
  • HALF THROUGH BRIDGES (middle)
55
Q

BRIDGE CLASSIFICATION
According to Usage

A
  • Highway Bridges
  • Pedestrian Bridges
  • Railway Bridges
  • Aqueduct
  • Water Bridges
  • Pipeline Bridges
56
Q

BRIDGE CLASSIFICATION
According to Structural Form

A

-Beam Bridges
-Rigid-Frame Bridges
-Truss Bridges
-Arch Bridges
-Suspension Bridges
-Cable-stayed Bridges

57
Q

most common type of highway bridge in the Philippines

A

Beam bridges

58
Q

Decks are suspended by diagonal cables attached to the main towers

A

Cable Stayed Bridge

59
Q

More economical and less complex
to construct than suspension
bridges

A

Cable Stayed Bridge

60
Q

Continuous
girder is supported by cables that
are draped or suspended by towers

A

Suspension Bridges

61
Q

Due to the long span, deck girder
require stiffening elements to reduce
swaying and torsion.

A

Suspension Bridges.

62
Q

Main cables naturally follow a
parabolic shape if the gravity load is
uniformly distributed

A

Suspension Bridges

63
Q

Lacks structural redundancy. A
failure at any point of the arch can
cause failure of the entire span.

A

Arch Bridges.

64
Q

Requires the deck to adequately
resist torsion due to eccentric traffic
loading in the case of a deck
supported along its centerline.

A

Arch Bridges.

65
Q

Aesthetically pleasing,
therefore culturally valuable

A

Arch Bridges.

66
Q

Its main
structural element is the upward
convex curved arch

A

Arch Bridges

67
Q

Good design flexibility; allows for
wide variety of shapes and
configurations

A

Truss Bridge

68
Q

also referred to as Rahmen Bridges)

A

Rigid-Frame Bridges

69
Q

consists of superstructure supported on vertical or slanted monolithic legs (columns), in which the superstructure and substructure are rigidly connected to act as a unit and are economical for moderate medium-span lengths.

A

Rigid-Frame Bridges.

70
Q

Requires more careful foundation design, as significant moments are transmitted to the foundations.

A

Rigid-Frame Bridges.

71
Q

Relatively the easiest to construct;

A

Beam Bridges

72
Q

The main force resisting system is composed of girders that may be simply supported, continuous, or cantilevered over supports. Girder ends are not fixed to the supporting piers. Only axial load is transferred.

A

Beam Bridges

73
Q
A

EQ 1 (19 decks)

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