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rocks rock! > Test questions > Flashcards

Test questions Flashcards

1
Q

Earth’s magnetic field is formed by…

A

outer core

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2
Q

earth formed

A

4.6 GA

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3
Q

Outermost ridged layer of earth

A

lithosphere

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4
Q

moon age?

A

4.5 ga

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5
Q

lithosphere plates move away from eachother if…

A

divergent
(runaway from death)

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6
Q

Not a characteristic of shield volcano

A

Large explosive pyroclastic eruption

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7
Q

Low viscosity =

A

low sio2
fast flow

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8
Q

pillow volcanic structure

A

sacklike structures that form when flows of basaltic lava are extruded into aqueous environment

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9
Q

Pahowhoe

A

ropy lava

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10
Q

Basaltic lava flow

A

low viscosity

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11
Q

rhyoltic lava

A

For high-viscosity rhyolite, gas escape is
difficult, resulting in violent release.

Rhyolitclava is thick chunky and slow

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12
Q

Superposition of flow

A

covering =younger

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13
Q

spinifex texture

A

long acicular phenocrysts of olivine (or pseudomorphs of alteration minerals after olivine) or pyroxene
looks like grass

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14
Q

The only difference between graphic and diamond

A

is different bonding

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15
Q

Mineral pairs most abundant in…

A

basalt pyroxene and p

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16
Q

Baslat aphanic texture

A

aphanitic or fine-grained mineral texture resulting from rapid cooling of volcanic magma on or close to surface of Earth.

low-viscosity basalt gas escape is easy
leading to more mellow eruptions

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17
Q

Fast cooling

A

Produces aphanitic texture

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18
Q

Slow cooling

A

Phenocrysts in a porphytic texture

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19
Q

most common EXTRUSIVE rocks on earth

A

Basalts

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20
Q

Glassy texture

A

Lower nucleation and lower growth rates than apaphantic texture

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21
Q

Nucleation graph

A

see slides

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22
Q

Counterparts granite, gabbro. Rhyolite

A

Who crystalizes first
Basaltic melt parent material
Mafic minerals crysallize first felsic crystallise last

23
Q

Mid ocean ridges volcanism typically poduces

A

Mid ocean ridges volcanism typically poduces basalt

24
Q

atmospheroc pressure forsterite olivine melts

A

at higher temp that periodite (mix)

25
Q

Ophiolites

A
26
Q

C14 turns into N14 by betta decay, how does this effect the proton number,

A

decases by one (think of the elements)

27
Q

After 2 halflifes parent to daughter ratio in 1/3 (daughter to parent)

A
28
Q

After 3 half lifes, parent daughter 1/7

A
29
Q

With electron capture, with 4 electrons captured proton number decreases by 4
4x alpha decay results in decrease of 8 protons, mass number decrease by 16 (cause protons)

A
30
Q

Seafloor spreading

A
31
Q

Oxygen isotope rations

A
32
Q

Mid ocean ridges produces by

A

tension forces or stress

33
Q

Oceanic crust consists of

A

basalt and gabbro

34
Q

Mid ocean ridge produces earthquakes

A

less than 10km beneath

35
Q

Mid ocean ridges produce earthquakes greater than 100

A

False

36
Q

A fault on which a hanging wall block has moved down

A

Is a normal fault

37
Q

Oceanic crust is consumed at

A

Convergent plate boundaries (concave)

38
Q

Ocean ridges are typicaly charachterized by

A

normal faults

39
Q

mantel convection main driving force of plate motions

A

yes

40
Q

The youngest oceanic crust is found

A

near mid ocean ridges

41
Q

If sedimentary layer has north west dip its strike is

A

NE

42
Q

If a sedimentary layer has north east strike it s dip is

A

SE

43
Q

AA rock

A

basalt
crumbly

44
Q

Iceland located on

A

Divergent plate boudries

45
Q

normal fault

A

The fault has moved downward relative to the block below

46
Q

a fault on which the two blocks slide past one another.

A

Strike fault

47
Q

Slip fault

A
48
Q

mantal plumes originate from below the

A

lithosphere, from the upper core

49
Q

T or F
More O18 in ocean during the ice ages

A

T

50
Q

At equator magnetic inclination is

A

0

51
Q

Manetic inclination changes

A

on longtitude

52
Q

Super contentent

A

Pangea ancient super continetn by alfred

53
Q

Negative magnetic anomaly form in the seafloor means

A

the magnetic field was reversed at creation

rocks rock! (5 decks)

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