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Canadian Exam > MSK- Knee > Flashcards

MSK- Knee Flashcards

1
Q

Why does the medial meniscus tear easier than lateral?

A

doesnt move as much during flexion
attatched to MCL, ACL, PCL and semimembranous

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2
Q

Why is there giving way with meniscal tears?

A

swelling in the knee decreases quad activation

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3
Q

Tibial ER -> Tibial IR->

A

Tibial ER -> medial meniscus
Tibial IR-> lateral meniscus

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4
Q

Meniscus special tests

A

McMurray’s
Apley’s
Thessalys
Bounce Home

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5
Q

Meniscal- Interventions

A

decrease inflammation
pain-free ROM
strengthening

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6
Q

What is hemarthrosis?

A

bleeding in the joint, causing excessive symptoms in all tests

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7
Q

Direction of the ACL?

A

BUL
Backward, up, and lateral

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8
Q

ACL- special tests?

A

anterior drawer
lachman’s test
pivot-shift

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9
Q

ACL interventions

A

decrease pain
decrease swelling
bracing
crutches (if necessary)
strengthening (CKC-> OKC)
proprioception
restore ROM

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10
Q

The two grafts

A

hamstring (gracilis and semitend)- more likely for an ACL reinjury
patellar tendon- more likely for PFPS

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11
Q

PCL special tests

A

posterior drawer
posterior sag sign
godfrey (gravity)

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12
Q

PCL- interventions

A

decrease pain
decrease swelling
bracing
strengthening
proprioception
restore ROM

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13
Q

MCL- special test

A

valgus stress test

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14
Q

MCL- interventions

A

decrease pain
decrease swelling
bracing
strengthening
proprioception
restore ROM

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15
Q

LCL- special test

A

varus stress test

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16
Q

LCL- interventions

A

decrease pain
decrease swelling
bracing
strengthening
proprioception
restore ROM

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17
Q

LCL most palpable position

A

figure 4

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18
Q

MCL taut in?

A

all fibers taut in extension
anterior fibers in flexion
posterior in mid-range

19
Q

Knee OA- cardinal signs

A

morining stiffness (geling period)

20
Q

Knee OA- interventions (conservative)

A

muscle strenghtneing
low impact exercises
decrease swelling
decrease pain
increase ROM
improve fxn
assistive device for ambulation
bracing if needed
weight loss

21
Q

Knee OA- interventions (surgical)

A

aspiration
injections (hyaluronic acid- synvisc)
arthroscopic debridement
proximal tibial osteotomy (wedging)
partial or total knee replacement

22
Q

What is chondromalacia patellae

A

degeneration of patellar articular cartilage (behind the patella pain)

23
Q

PFPS- intrinsic factors

A

increased Q angle
muscle fascial tightness (TFL and plantarflecxion tightness)
hip muscle weakness
VMO insuffincency
Lax medial retinaculum

24
Q

Q angle normal ranges

A

12-15 deg
15-18 deg

25
Q

PFPS- special tests

A

clark’s sign
McConnel test
Step-up test
Eccentric step test

26
Q

Special tests for intrarticular swelling

A

brush test
patellar tap test

27
Q

PFPS interventions

A

temporarily reduce activity involving high or prolonged loads
bracing / taping
lateral retinaculum stretch
VMO training
Glite medius strenghthening
arch support and foot intrinsic training
treat underlying causes

28
Q

Infrapatella fat pad impingement

A

signs and symptoms arising around 20 degress of knee flexion

29
Q

fat pad impingement epidemiology

A

patella alta (abnormally high patella)
genu recurvatum (high extended knee when standing)
anterior pelvic tilt
inferior patellar tilt
hyperextension injury

30
Q

fat pad special test

A

Hoffa’s test
look for camel sign

31
Q

Patella dislocation- interventions (following reduction)

A

early
- immobilization
- decrease inflammation
- crutches until full extension
- normalize gait
- isometric and ROM exercises

later
- progress to CKE (emphasis VMO and glute med)
- patellar bracing

32
Q

Patella tendinosis- interventions

A

manage pain
manage swelling
patellar tendon strap
avoid overloading quadriceps
progressive loading ( eccentric quads contraction)

33
Q

Apohysis

A

bony tubercle

34
Q

Apophysitis

A

bony tuberlce inflammation

35
Q

Osgoodes interventions

A

manage pain
manage swelling
decrease parameteres of aggravating
patellar tendon strap

36
Q

ITB syndorms- special tests

A

noble compression test
obers test
thomas test

37
Q

ITB interventions

A

devrease pain
avoid aggravting activities
TFL/ITB stretches and soft tissue mobilizations

38
Q

Knee birsitis- common bursas injured

A

pes anserine
prepatellar (housemaids knee)
superficial infrapatellar
deep infrapatellar

39
Q

knee bursitis interventions

A

manage swelling
manage pain
avoid aggravting activities
stretching and soft tissues

40
Q

Bakers cyst- signs

A

goose egg in the popliteal fossa
pain when knee extended and standing

41
Q

Baker’s Cyst- interventions

A

self-limiting- heals itself
manage swelling
manage pain
avoid aggravting activiites
compression sleeve

42
Q

OCD (osteochondritis dissecans)- what is it

A

crack in the bones and gets into the knee joint- true locking like meniscus

43
Q

Myositis ossficans- what is it?

A

formation of bone in areas of trauma due to calcification

44
Q

Myositis ossificans- contraindications

A

massage, passive stretching, and resistive exercises

Canadian Exam (55 decks)

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