AASHTAASHTO Flashcards

1
Q

A general and progressive buildup or raising of the longitudinal profile of the channel bed as a result of sediment deposition.

A

Aggradation—

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2
Q

An unobstructed, relatively flat area beyond the edge of the traveled way for the recovery of errant vehicles. The traveled way does not include shoulders or auxiliary lanes.

A

Clear Zone—

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3
Q

An unobstructed horizontal or vertical space.

A

Clearance—

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4
Q

A general and progressive lowering of the longitudinal profile of the channel bed as a result of long-term
erosion.

A

Degradation—

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5
Q

Maximum flow of water a bridge is expected to accommodate without exceeding the adopted design constraints.

A

Design Discharge—

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6
Q

The flood flow equal to or less than the 100-yr flood that creates the deepest scour at bridge foundations.

A

Design Flood for Bridge Scour—

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7
Q

The peak discharge, volume, stage, or wave crest elevation and its associated probability of exceedence that are selected for the design of a highway or bridge over a watercourse or floodplain.

A

Design Flood for Waterway Opening—

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8
Q

A storm water management facility that impounds runoff and temporarily discharges it through a hydraulic outlet structure to a downstream conveyance system.

A

Detention Basin—

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9
Q

Linear depression in the bottom of components to cause water flowing on the surface to drop.

A

Drip Groove—

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10
Q

The flood due to storm and/or tide having a 0.2 percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year.

A

Five-Hundred-Year Flood—

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11
Q

Scour in a channel or on a floodplain that is not localized at a pier or other obstruction to flow.

A

General or Contraction Scour—

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12
Q

The science concerned with the behavior and flow of liquids, especially in pipes and channels.

A

Hydraulics—

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13
Q

The science concerned with the occurrence, distribution, and circulation of water on the earth, including precipitation, runoff, and groundwater.

A

Hydrology—

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14
Q

Scour in a channel or on a floodplain that is localized at a pier, abutment, or other obstruction to flow.

A

Local Scour—

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15
Q

Flood flows derived from two or more causative factors, e.g., a spring tide driven by hurricane- generated onshore winds or rainfall on a snowpack.

A

Mixed Population Flood—

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16
Q

The flood due to storm and/or tide having a 1 percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year.

A

One-Hundred-Year Flood—

17
Q

The flood flow that, if exceeded, results in flow over a highway or bridge, over a watershed divide, or through structures provided for emergency relief. The worst-case scour condition may be caused by the overtopping flood.

A

Overtopping Flood—

18
Q

An opening in an embankment on a floodplain to permit passage of overbank flow.

A

Relief Bridge—

19
Q

Any configuration constructed in a stream or placed on, adjacent to, or in the vicinity of a streambank to deflect current, induce sediment deposition, induce scour, or in some other way alter the flow and sediment regimens of the stream.

A

River Training Structure—

20
Q

A device to drain water through the deck.

A

Scupper—

21
Q

Unobstructed space for exclusive pedestrian use between barriers or between a curb and a barrier.

A

Sidewalk Width—

22
Q

A tide of increased range that occurs about every two weeks when the moon is full or new.

A

Spring Tide—

23
Q

A condition that exists when a stream has a bed slope and cross-section that allows its channel to transport the water and sediment delivered from the upstream watershed without significant degradation, aggradation, or bank erosion.

A

Stable Channel—

24
Q

The study of a stream and its floodplain with regard to its land forms, the general configuration of its surface, and the changes that take place due to erosion and the buildup of erosional debris.

A

Stream Geomorphology—

25
Q

A tilting of the roadway surface to partially counterbalance the centrifugal forces on vehicles on horizontal curves.

A

Superelevation—

26
Q

Any flood or tidal flow with a flow rate greater than that of the 100-yr flood but not greater than a 500-yr
flood.

A

Superflood—

27
Q

The periodic rise and fall of the earth′s ocean that results from the effect of the moon and sun acting on a rotating
earth.

A

Tide—

28
Q

An area confined by drainage divides, and often having only one outlet for discharge; the total drainage area contributing runoff to a single point.

A

Watershed—

29
Q

Any stream, river, pond, lake, or ocean.

A

Waterway—

30
Q

Width or area of bridge opening at a specified stage, and measured normal to principal direction of
flow.

A

Waterway Opening—

31
Q
A