Weight and balance / P-charts

Question 1

Weight and balance chart what to calculate

Answer 1

1. calculate fuel weight (minimum fuel required as well as burn off)
2. Insert into weight and balance table all weights and and arms
3. Calculate all individual moments
4. Add together all weights to get total T/O weight and all moments to get total T/O moment
5. Calculate total T/O arm
6. Calculate Fuel burn moment
7. Calculate Total landing weight by subtracting weight of fuel burn from total takeoff weight
8. Calculate total landing moment by subtracting total takeoff moment by fuel burn moment
9. Calculate total landing arm

Question 2

Weight and balance calculating fuel weight

Answer 2

1. Work out the weight of the fuel at T/O by adding the time to get from A-B + reserve time of 45 mins
2. Convert this time to L using fuel consumption rate of 25L/h
3. Using navigation computer calculate total required weight of fuel (converting from L to kg)
4. Calculate Fuel burn off weight by first converting total flight time by fuel consumption rate of 15L/h then using navigation computer = convert this Volume of fuel in L to Weight of fuel in kgs

Question 3

Weight and balance chart how to calculate individual moments

Answer 3

Moment = weight x arm

Question 4

Weight and balance chart how to calculate total T/O arm

Answer 4

arm = Total moment / Total weight

Question 5

Weight and balance chart - using moment envelope

Answer 5

Insert into the moment envelope the intersection point of both Total takeoff weight and arm as well as the intersection of both the total landing weight and arm These must be within the moment envelope

Question 6

P charts T/O steps

Answer 6

1. Using Pressure altitude and temp intersection point draw a straight line to AUW box
2. Mark where this line intersects with the AUW line of the a/c and then draw a straight line to the surface type box
3. Mark where this line intersects with the runway surface type and draw a line from this mark to the slope box
4. Mark where this line intersects the reference marker line, track parallel to the dotted lines to reach the appropriate slope line and then draw a straight line to the wind component box
5. Mark where this line intersects with the reference line (0) and track parallel to the dotted lines until the appropriate wind component is reached
6. draw a straight line to the edge of the wind component box to give TODR

Question 7

How to work out headwind component

Answer 7

1. Calculate the angle between the runway and the wind direction
2. Using a wind component graph plot this on the appropriate radiating line at the point that intersects the wind velocity arc
3. Where this plotted point intersects the x axis will be the crosswind component and where it intersects the y axis will be the headwind component

Question 8

P charts landing steps

Answer 8

1. Start with aerodrome elevation and mark where it intersects the reference line
2. draw a straight line to the surface box and mark where it intersects with the runway surface
3. Draw a straight-line from this mark to the slope box and mark where it intersects with the reference line (0)
4. Following parallel to the dotted lines mark where it intersects the appropriate slope and then draw a straight line into the wind component box
5. Mark where this line intersects the reference marker line and then following parallel to the dotted line mark where it intersects the appropriate headwind component
6. draw a straight line to the edge of the wind component box which will give LDR

Question 9

What are P charts used for

Answer 9

To calculate the TODR and LDR