Hofstede's Cultural Framework (5) Flashcards
background (5)
Hofstede collected data on values and norms from over 100,000 ibm employees
developed a model of national culture with 5 dimensions thats widely accepted and used
national culture
attitudes and perspectives SHARED by individuals in a certain culture that SHAPES their BEHAVIORS and they way they see the world
INDIVIDUALISM vs. collectivism
worldview that values INDIVIDUAL freedom and SELF EXPRESSION. people should be judged by individual achievements not social background
australia high ranking. values peoples times and freedoms, enjoys challeges, expects rewards for hard work
collectivism: japan is low ranking, values SUBORGINATION to the group goals and people should be judged by their contribution. team building skills. intrinsic rewards
POWER DISTANCE
the degree to which societies ACCEPT that INEQUALITIES in power and wellbeing of citizens are due to DIFFERENCES in INDIVIDUALS capabilities and heritage.
high PD: societies allow inqualities to PERSIST.
centralized companies with strong hierachies. large gap in pay
low PD: both japan and australia low ranking:
not allowed to develop inqualities. flatter organizations, supervisors and suborginates considered equals
ACHIEVEMENT VS Nurturing orientation
High achievement: JAPAN
values asesrtiveness, performance, competitive success.
Australias inbetween
Low Achievement (nurturing): values quality of life, warm personal relationships, service and care
Uncertainty Avoidance
relative feelings of SECURITY people feel in culture
High UA: rigid, skeptical of differences JAPAN
very formal business conduct, expects structure
Low UA: Australia, easy going, tolerates differences in beliefs, Diverse
informal business attitude, accepting of change and risk
SHORT TERM ORIENTATION vs. long term
Short term orientation: Japan
Concerned with personal stability or happiness. living in present
Long Term: Australia Mid Rangish
Values thrift, persistance in achieving goals
