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Anatomy and Physiology II Lab > Lesson 5 - Blood Vessels > Flashcards

Lesson 5 - Blood Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

blood flows from the… (7)

A

heart -> arteries -> arterioles -> capillaries -> venules -> veins -> heart

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2
Q

how thick are capillaries?

A

one cell thick

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3
Q

capillaries are the site of…(3)

A

gas, nutrient, and waste exchange with tissues

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4
Q

artery walls are generally……than veins? (2)

A

thicker and more elastic

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5
Q

veins generally…..than arteries? (2)

A

have larger lumen than arteries and have valves to prevent backflow

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6
Q

three layers of a blood vessels

A
  1. tunica intima
  2. tunica media
  3. tunica externa
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7
Q

tunica intima

A

single thin layer of endothelium (squamous cells) lining the lumen

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8
Q

the _____ _____ is continuous with the heart endocardium

A

tunica intima

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9
Q

_____ are solely composed of the heart endothelium

A

capillaries

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10
Q

tunica media

and..?

A

middle coat of smooth muscle and elastin

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11
Q

tunica media is under control of what portion of the nervous system?

A

sympathetic control; regulates diameter

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12
Q

tunica externa

A

outermost layer of areolar or fibrous connective tissue for support and protection

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13
Q

aorta (3)
where is it’s range?

A

(1) ascending from the left ventricle of the heart, (2) into the aortic arch, and (3) down into the thoracic cavity as the descending aorta

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14
Q

the ascending aorta branches into the… (2)

A

right and left coronary arteries

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15
Q

what do the R/L coronary arteries supply?

A

the myocardium

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16
Q

the aortic arch branches into… (3)

A

from left to right (looking at the front)
- brachiocephalic trunk
- left common carotid artery
- left subclavian artery

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17
Q

the R/L common carotid arteries branch into… (2)

A
  • left and right internal carotid arteries
  • left and right external carotid arteries
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18
Q

where do the R/L internal carotid artery serve?

A

brain

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19
Q

where do the R/L internal carotid arteries branch?

A

into the right and left ophthalmic arteries

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20
Q

where do the ophthalmic arteries serve?

A

the orbits

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21
Q

where do the R/L external carotid arteries serve?

A

head and neck

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22
Q

what do the R/L external carotid arteries branch into? (4)

A

right and left
- superficial temporal
- maxillary
- facial
- occipital
arteries

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23
Q

the R/L subclavian arteries branch into… (3)

v.t.c.

A

right and left
- vertebral
- thyrocervical trunk
- costocervical trunk
arteries

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24
Q

where do the R/L vertebral arteries serve? (3)

A
  • cerebellum
  • brain stem
  • posterior cerebral hemispheres
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25
Q

where do the R/L thyrocervical trunk serve? (2)

tg.sm.

A
  • thyroid gland
  • scapular muscles
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26
Q

where do the R/L costocervical trunk serve? (2)

A
  • deep neck
  • upper intercostal muscles
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27
Q

what do the R/L costocervical trunk branch into?

upi

A

right and left upper posterior intercostal arteries

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28
Q

the R/L subclavian arteries become what?

A

the right and left axillary arteries

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29
Q

where do the R/L axillary arteries serve?

A

the upper limb

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30
Q

what do the R/L axillary arteries branch into? (5)

t.lt.s.ach.pch.

A

right and left
- thoracoacromial
- lateral thoracic
- subscapular
- anterior circumflex humeral
- posterior circumflex humeral
arteries

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31
Q

where do the R/L thoracoacromial arteries serve? (2)

A
  • shoulder
  • pectoral region
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32
Q

where do the R/L lateral thoracic arteries serve?

A

lateral chest wall

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33
Q

where do the R/L subscapular arteries serve? (2)

A
  • scapula
  • dorsal thorax
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34
Q

where do the R/L anterior/posterior circumflex humeral arteries serve? (2)

A
  • shoulder
  • deltoid
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35
Q

the axillary artery becomes what?

A

the brachial artery as it enter the arm

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36
Q

the R/L brachial arteries branch into.. (2)

A

right and left
- radial
- ulnar
arteries

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37
Q

where do the R/L ulnar/radial arteries serve?

A

forearm

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38
Q

what precise location does the brachial artery split into the radial and ulnar arteries?

A

the elbow

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39
Q

the R/L internal thoracic arteries branch into…

A

the R/L anterior intercostal arteries

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40
Q

where to the R/L anterior intercostal arteries serve? (2)

A
  • mammary glands
  • most of the thorax wall
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41
Q

the R/L costocervical trunk branch into…

A

the first two pairs of posterior intercostal arteries

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42
Q

where do the R/L posterior arteries serve?

A

intercostal space

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43
Q

between what vertebrae is the thoracic aorta found?

A

T5-T12

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44
Q

where does the abdominal aorta begin?

A

T12 or the diaphragm

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45
Q

the abdominal aorta: visceral branches (5)

two categories: ones with R/L (3) and those without (2)
ms.r.g. s/im.c.

A

R/L
- middle suprarenal
- renal
- gonadal
and the (no R/L)
- superior/inferior mesenterics
- celiac trunk
arteries

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46
Q

the abdominal aorta: parietal branches (3)

ip.l. ms.

R/L (2) no R/L (1)

A

R/L
- inferior phrenics
- lumbars
and the (no R/L)
- median sacral
arteries

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47
Q

the celiac trunk branches into the…(3)

A
  • left gastric artery
  • splenic artery
  • common hepatic artery
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48
Q

where does the left gastric artery serve?

A

the stomach

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49
Q

where does the splenic artery serve?

A

the spleen

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50
Q

what does the common hepatic artery branch into? (2)

rg.g.

A
  • right gastric artery
  • gastroduodenal artery
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51
Q

where does the right gastric artery serve?

A

the stomach

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52
Q

where does the gastroduodenal artery serve?

A

the stomach

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53
Q

the common hepatic artery becomes…

A

the hepatic artery proper

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54
Q

where does the hepatic artery proper serve?

A

the liver

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55
Q

what specific location does the common hepatic artery become the hepatic artery proper?

A

the junction of the gastroduodenal artery

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56
Q

where does the superior mesenteric artery serve?

A

the small intestine

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57
Q

where do the R/L middle suprarenal arteries serve?

A

adrenal glands on the kidneys

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58
Q

where do the R/L renal arteries serve?

A

the kidneys

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59
Q

where do the R/L gonadal arteries serve?

A

the gonads; ovaries or testes

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60
Q

where does the inferior mesenteric artery serve?

A

lower large intestine

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61
Q

where do the R/L lumbar arteries serve?

A

lumbar region

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62
Q

what does the abdominal aorta divide into? (2)

A

R/L common iliac arteries

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63
Q

where to the R/L common iliac arteries serve? (3)

A
  • pelvis
  • lower abdominal wall
  • lower limbs
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64
Q

the R/L common iliac arteries divide into… (2)

A

R/L
- internal iliac
- external iliac
arteries

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65
Q

the R/L internal iliac arteries branch into…(3)

s/ig.o.

A

R/L
- superior gluteal
- inferior gluteal
- and obturator
arteries

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66
Q

where do the R/L superior/inferior gluteal arteries serve?

A

gluteal muscles

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67
Q

where do the R/L obturator arteries serve? (3)

mt.eg.p.

A
  • medial thigh
  • external genitals
  • perineum
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68
Q

the R/L external iliac arteries serve?

A

the anterior abdominal wall

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69
Q

the R/L external iliac becomes what other artery?

A

the femoral artery

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70
Q

where does the R/L external iliac arteries become the R/L femoral arteries?

A

the thigh

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71
Q

the R/L femoral arteries become what other artery?

A

the popliteal artery

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72
Q

what precise location does the femoral artery become the popliteal artery?

A

the knee

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73
Q

what does the R/L popliteal artery branch into? (2)

A

R/L
- anterior tibial
- posterior tibial
arteries

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74
Q

what do the R/L posterior tibial branch into?

A

the R/L fibular arteries

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75
Q

veins run _____ to most arteries

A

parallel

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76
Q

veins converge on the _____ _____

A

vena cavae

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77
Q

superior vena cava serves…

A

serves veins from the upper extremities and the head

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78
Q

the superior vena cava branches into (2)

A
  • left brachiocephalic vein
  • right brachiocephalic vein
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79
Q

where do the R/L brachiocephalic veins serve?

A

upper extremities

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80
Q

what do the R/L brachiocephalic veins branch into? (2)

ij.v.

A

R/L
- internal jugular
- vertebral
veins

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81
Q

the R/L internal jugular veins branch into… (3)

A

R/L
- superficial temporal
- facial
- subclavian
veins

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82
Q

where does the internal jugular drain from? (2)

ss.d

A

the superior sagittal and dural sinuses of the brain

83
Q

where do the R/L vertebral veins serve? (3)

ph.cv.sc

A
  • posterior head
  • cervical vertebrae
  • spinal cord
84
Q

the R/L subclavian veins branch into… (3)

A

R/L
- external jugular
- axillary
- cephalic
veins

85
Q

where do the R/L external jugular veins serve?

A

drains superficial tissues of the head and neck

86
Q

when do the R/L subclavian veins becomes the axillary veins?

A

as it passes the axilla

87
Q

the R/L axillary veins branch into… (2)

A

R/L
- brachial
- basilic
veins

88
Q

the R/L brachial veins branch into…(2)

A

R/L
- radial
- ulnar
veins

89
Q

the R/L basilic veins branches into… (2)

A

R/L
- median cubital
- median antebrachial
veins

90
Q

the _____ vein branches off the subclavian vein

A

cephalic

91
Q

azygos system

drains from…?

A

drains the intercostal muscles and abdominal walls

92
Q

the azygos system consists of… (3)

A
  • azygos vein
  • hemiazygos vein
  • accessory hemiazygos vein
93
Q

where does the azygos vein drain from?

A

the right thorax

94
Q

where do the hemiazygos and accessory hemiazygos vein drain?

A

the left thorax

95
Q

where does the inferior vena cava serve?

A

veins from the abdominal region and lower limbs

96
Q

what does the inferior vena cava branch into? (7)

A
  • lumbar veins
  • R/L hepatic veins
  • right gonadal veins
  • right suprarenal vein
  • renal vein
  • R/L common iliac veins
97
Q

the renal vein branches into the… (2)

A
  • left suprarenal
  • left gonadal
    veins
98
Q

the R/L common iliac veins branch into the… (2)

A

R/L
- internal iliac veins
- external iliac veins

99
Q

where does the internal iliac vein drain from?

A

the pelvis

100
Q

where does the external iliac vein drain from?

A

the legs

101
Q

the R/L external iliac veins branch into… (2)

A

R/L
- great saphenous vein
- femoral vein

102
Q

what is the longest blood vessel in the body?

A

the great saphenous veins

103
Q

when does the external iliac vein become the femoral vein?

A

when it leaves the inguinal region and enters the thigh

104
Q

when does the femoral vein turn into the popliteal vein?

A

when it reaches the knee

105
Q

what do the R/L popliteal vein branch into? (3)

A

R/L
- anterior tibial
- posterior tibial
- fibular
veins

106
Q

the lungs are supplied with blood through what?

A

bronchial arteries

107
Q

steps of pulmonary circulation (9)

A

O2 poor blood -> pulmonary trunk -> R/L pulmonary arteries -> lobar arteries -> arterioles -> pulmonary capillaries (gas exchange) -> venules -> veins -> pulmonary veins

108
Q

hepatic portal vein drains blood from… (4)

A
  • digestive viscera
  • spleen
  • pancreas
  • liver
109
Q

the hepatic portal vein is comprised of… (2)

A
  • splenic vein
  • superior mesenteric vein
110
Q

the splenic vein branches into the…

A

inferior mesenteric vein

111
Q

where does the splenic vein serve? (3)

A

drains the spleen, pancreas, and stomach

112
Q

where does the inferior mesenteric vein drain?

A

distal portion of the large intestine

113
Q

where does the superior mesenteric vein serve? (2)

A

drains the small intestines and ascending colon

114
Q

gastric vein drains from…

A

the stomach into the hepatic portal vein

115
Q

the hepatic vein drains from…

A

the liver to the inferior vena cava

116
Q

hepatic portal circulation consists of… (3)

A
  • hepatic portal vein
  • gastric vein
  • hepatic vein
117
Q

three umbilical blood vessels

A
  • two umbilical arteries
  • one umbilical vein
118
Q

the two umbilical arteries carry… (2)

A

O2 poor blood and waste-laden blood to the placenta

119
Q

the umbilical vein carries…. (2)

A

O2 and nutrient rich blood

120
Q

in fetal circulation, most blood is shunted past the liver to the inferior vena cava by the _____ _____

A

ductus venosus

121
Q

what allows blood to shunt from the right to left atrium in a fetus?

A

the foramen ovale

122
Q

what is the foramen ovale called once it is closed after birth?

A

fossa ovalis

123
Q

what shunts blood from the pulmonary trunk to the aorta in a fetus?

A

the ductus arteriosus

124
Q

what does the ductus arteriosus become after is collapses at birth?

A

the ligamentum arteriosum

125
Q

the brain is supplied blood by these arteries (2)

A

internal carotid arteries and vertebral arteries (from the aortic arch)

126
Q

the R/L internal carotid arteries branch within the cranium into… (2)

A

the R/L
- anterior cerebral
- middle cerebral
arteries

127
Q

cerebral arterial circle

A

circle of Willis
- formed from the anterior and posterior communicating arteries of the R/L sides

128
Q

what arteries supply most of the cerebrum? (2)

already in the cranium, not into the cranium

A

anterior and middle cerebral arteries

129
Q

the basilar artery of the brain is formed from what R/L arteries?

A

the R/L vertebral arteries

130
Q

what does the basilar artery of the brain supply? (3)

A

the pons, cerebellum, and inner ear

131
Q

the basilar artery divides into…

A

the R/L posterior cerebral arteries

132
Q

at what location does the basilar artery split into the R/L posterior cerebral arteries?

A

the base of the cerebrum

133
Q

what do the R/L posterior cerebral arteries supply? (2)

A

temporal and occipital lobes

134
Q

Label this figure.

A

A: artery
B: vein

135
Q

Label A-C

A

A: artery
B: lumen
C: tunica intima

136
Q

Label D-F

A

D: endothelium
E: subendothelial layer
F: internal elastic lamina (membrane)

137
Q

Label G-I

A

G: tunica media (smooth muscle and elastic fibers)
H: external elastic lamina (membrane)
I: tunica externa (collagen fibers)

138
Q

Label J, K, and N

A

L and M are on another card
J: vaso vasorum
K: capillary network
N: vein

139
Q

Label O and P

A

O: valve
P: lumen

140
Q

Label the figure.

A

A: capillary network
B: basement membrane
C: endothelial cells

141
Q

Label the figure.

A

A: right common carotid artery
B: right subclavian artery
C: brachiocephalic trunk

142
Q

Label the figure.

A

A: right and left common carotid arteries
B: right subclavian artery
C: left subclavian artery
D: brachiocephalic trunk

143
Q

Label A-C

A

A: right vertebral artery
B: right internal carotid artery
C: right external carotid artery

144
Q

Label D-F

A

D: right thyrocervical trunk
E: right costocervical trunk
F: right axillary artery

145
Q

Label G-I

A

G: right ophthalmic artery
H: branches of the r. external carotid artery
I: right superficial artery

146
Q

Label J-L

A

J: right maxillary artery
K: right occipital artery
L: right facial artery

147
Q

Label the figure

A

A: right vertebral artery
B: right thyrocervical trunk
C: right costocervical trunk
D: right axillary artery

148
Q

Label A-C

A

A: right suprascapular artery
B: right thoracoacromial artery
C: right posterior circumflex humeral artery

149
Q

Label D-F

A

D: right anterior circumflex humeral artery
E: right subscapular artery
F: right radial artery

150
Q

Label G and H

A

G: right ulnar artery
H: right lateral thoracic artery

151
Q

Label A-C

A

A: right costocervical trunk
B: left posterior intercostal arteries
C: right anterior intercostal artery

152
Q

Label D and E

A

D: right internal thoracic artery
E: thoracic aorta

153
Q

Label A-C

A

A: inferior vena cava
B: celiac trunk
C: common hepatic artery

154
Q

Label D-F

A

D: hepatic artery proper
E: gastroduodenal artery
F: right gastric artery

155
Q

Label G-J

A

G: abdominal aorta
H: left gastric artery
I: splenic artery
J: superior mesenteric artery

156
Q

Label A-C

A

A: abdominal aorta
B: right lumbar arteries
C: left middle suprarenal artery

157
Q

Label D-F

A

D: left renal artery
E: superior mesenteric artery
F: left gonadal (testicular/ovarian) artery

158
Q

Label G and H

A

G: inferior mesenteric artery
H: left common iliac artery

159
Q

Label the figure.

A

A: celiac trunk
B: superior mesenteric artery
C: abdominal aorta
D: inferior mesenteric artery

160
Q

Label A-C.

A

A: right common iliac artery
B: right internal iliac artery
C: right superior gluteal artery

161
Q

Label D-F

A

D: right external iliac artery
E: right obturator artery
F: right femoral artery

162
Q

Label G-I

A

G: right popliteal artery
H: right anterior tibial artery
I: right posterior tibial artery

163
Q

Label J-L

A

J: right fibular artery
K: right popliteal artery
L: right anterior artery

164
Q

Label M and N

A

M: right fibular artery
N: right posterior tibial artery

165
Q

Label the figure.

A

A: superior sagittal sinus
B: right and left transverse sinuses
C: right sigmoid sinus
D: right internal jugular vein

166
Q

Label A-C

A

A: right superior temporal vein
B: right facial vein
C: right external jugular vein

167
Q

Label D-F

A

D: right vertebral vein
E: right internal jugular vein
F: right brachiocephalic vein

168
Q

Label G and H.

A

G: right subclavian vein
H: right superior vena cava

169
Q

Label A-C

A

A: right and left brachiocephalic veins
B: right subclavian vein
C: right axillary vein

170
Q

Label G-I

A

G: right median cubital vein
H: right medial antebrachial vein
I: right cephalic vein

171
Q

Label D-F

A

D: right brachial vein
E: right cephalic vein
F: right basilic vein

172
Q

Label J-L

A

J: right radial vein
K: right basilic vein
L: right ulnar vein

173
Q

Label M-O

A

M: left jugular vein
N: left external jugular vein
O: left subclavian vein

174
Q

Label P-R

A

P: superior vena cava
Q: azygos vein
R: accessory hemiazygos vein

175
Q

Label S and T

A

S: hemiazygos vein
T: inferior vena cava

176
Q

Label A-C

A

A: right and left hepatic veins
B: inferior vena cava
C: right suprarenal vein

177
Q

Label D-F

A

D: right gonadal vein
E: right external iliac vein
F: right and left renal veins

178
Q

Label G-I

A

G: left suprarenal vein
H: left lumbar veins
I: left gonadal vein

179
Q

Label J and K

A

J: left common iliac vein
K: left internal iliac vein

180
Q

Label A-C

A

A: right popliteal vein
B: right fibular vein
C: anterior tibial vein

181
Q

Label D-F

A

D: right common iliac vein
E: right internal iliac vein
F: right external iliac vein

182
Q

Label G-I

A

G: right femoral vein
H: right great saphenous vein (superficial)
I: right great saphenous vein

183
Q

Label J-M

A

J: right popliteal vein
K: right anterior tibial vein
L: right fibular vein
M: right posterior tibial vein

184
Q

Label A-C

A

A: left pulmonary artery
B: aortic arch
C: pulmonary trunk

185
Q

Label D-F

A

D: right pulmonary artery
E: three lobar arteries of the lung
F: right pulmonary veins

186
Q

Label G-I

A

G: right atrium
H: right ventricle
I: left ventricle

187
Q

Label J-L

A

J: two left lobar arteries of the left lung
K: left pulmonary veins
L: left atrium

188
Q

Label A-C

A

A: right and left hepatic veins
B: liver
C: hepatic portal vein

189
Q

Label D-F

A

D: left gastric vein
E: right gastric vein
F: spleen

190
Q

Label G-I

A

G: splenic vein
H: inferior mesenteric vein
I: superior mesenteric vein

191
Q

Label A-C

A

A: fetus
B: newborn
C: aortic arch

192
Q

Label D-F

A

D: superior vena cava
E: ductus arteriosus
F: ligamentum arteriosum

193
Q

Label G-I

A

G: pulmonary artery
H: pulmonary veins
I: heart

194
Q

Label J-L

A

J: foramen ovale
K: fossa ovalis
L: liver

195
Q

Label M-O

A

M: ductus venosus
N: ligamentum venosum
O: hepatic portal vein

196
Q

Label P-R

A

P: umbilical vein
Q: ligamentum teres
R: inferior vena cava

197
Q

Label S-U

A

S: umbilicus
T: abdominal aorta
U: common iliac artery

198
Q

Label V-Y

A

V: umbilical arteries
W: medial umbilical ligaments
X: umbilical cord
Y: placenta

199
Q

Label A-C

A

A: optic chiasma
B: right middle cerebral artery
C: right internal carotid artery

200
Q

Label D-F

A

D: pituitary gland
E: right vertebral artery
F: cerebral arterial circle or circle of Willis

201
Q

Label G-I

A

G: anterior communicating artery
H: left anterior cerebral artery
I: left posterior communicating artery

202
Q

Label J and K

A

J: left posterior cerebral artery
K: basilar artery

203
Q

Label A-C

A

A: cerebral arterial circle or Circle of Willis
B: anterior communicating artery
C: right anterior cerebral artery

204
Q

Label D-F

A

D: right posterior communicating artery
E: right posterior cerebral artery
F: basilar artery

Anatomy and Physiology II Lab (13 decks)

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