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Therapeutics > Exam 3: Drugs > Flashcards

Exam 3: Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

SABAs

A

-Metaproterenol
-Terbutaline
-Albuterol
-Pirbuterol

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2
Q

LABAs

A

-Salmeterol
-Formoterol

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3
Q

Inhaled Corticosteroids

A

-Triamcinolone acetonide
-beclomethasone dipropionate
-flunisolide
-budesonide
-mometasone furoate
-fluticasone propionate
-ciclesonide

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4
Q

Leukotriene pathway inhibitors

A

-Zileuton
-Zafirlukast
-Montelukast

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5
Q

Methylxanthine drugs

A

-Theophylline
-Theobromine
-Caffeine

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6
Q

Antimuscarinic agents

A

-Ipatropium

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7
Q

Mast cell stabilizers

A

-Cromolyn
-Nedocromil

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8
Q

Monoclonal antibodies

A

-Omalizumab
-Mepolizumab
-Reslizumab
-Benralizumab

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9
Q

B2 selectivity from

A

-bulky N substitutions
-phenyl ring substitutions (also COMT resistant)

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10
Q

B2 agonist risks

A

-tachycardia
-muscle tremors
-induction of tachyphylaxis (reduction in bronchodilator reponse)

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11
Q

SABA use

A

-PRN for acute attacks

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12
Q

Metaproterenol

A

-SABA
-least potent
-good oral bioavailability
-analog of terbutaline

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13
Q

Terbutaline

A

-SABA
-N-t-butyl analog of Metaproterenol
=greater selectivity and potency

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14
Q

Albuterol

A

-SABA
-most used
-COMT resistant
-salicyl alcohol in phenyl ring

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15
Q

Pirbuterol

A

-SABA
-pyridine version of albuterol
-less potent

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16
Q

Salmeterol

A

-LABA
-available as powder
-higher lipid solubility

17
Q

Formoterol

A

-LABA
-available as powder
-more rapid onset
-COMT and MAO resistant

18
Q

SABA tips

A

-5 min onset
-4-8h duration
-good oral bioavailability
-STRUCTURE

19
Q

LABA tips

A

-available as powder
-long ass structure
-better lipid solubility

20
Q

Inhaled corticosteroid use

A

-persistant asthma maintenance therapy
-not curative
-most effective way to minimize systemic effects

21
Q

Adverse effects of ICSs

A

-candidiasis
-hoarseness from effect on vocal cords
-long term use may inc risk of osteoporosis and cataracts
-1 cm reduction of growth in kids only for the first year

22
Q

Leukotriene pathway inhibitor tips

A

-improve asthma control
-reduce freq of exacerbations
-not as effective as inhlaed glucocorticoids
-effective orally, easier for kids
-reduce response to aspirin in aspirin-induced asthma

23
Q

Types of leukotriene pathway inhibitors

A

-5-lipoxygenase inhibitor
-cysLT inhibitors

24
Q

Zileuton

A

-5-lipoxygenase inhibitor (LT pathway inhibitor)
-N-hydroxy group
-alternative to LABA in addition to ICSs
-not for acute asthma attack
-monitor liver function

25
Q

Montelukast

A

-LT pathway inhibitor
-blocks LTC4, LTD4, LTE4 binding to receptor
-once daily
-reduce freq of exacerbations
-little toxicity

26
Q

Zafirlukast

A
27
Q

Methylxanthine drug mech

A

-inhibit PDE to inc cAMP
=bronchoDILATION
=SUPPRESS histamine release
-block adenosine action (dilation and histamine)
-histone deacetylation to suppress inflammatory gene expression

28
Q

methylxanthine toxicity

A

-nausea, vomiting, tremulousness, arrhythmias
-narrow therapeutic index

29
Q

antimuscarinic mech

A

-inhibit action of constriction and mucus secretion

30
Q

Ipratropium

A

-bronchodilator
-antimuscarinic
-4’ amine derivative of atropine but less effects
-minimal bioavailability (poor absorption)
-better for pts intolerant of B agonists

31
Q

Cromolyn and Nedocromil

A

-inhibit mast cell degranulation
-daily dosing
-poorly absorbed, not as good as glucocorticoids
-used in eye drops for allergic rhinoconjuctivitis

32
Q

Omalizumab

A

-anti-IgE mAb
-inhibits IgE binding to mast cell
-for pt w severe asthma and allergic sensitization

33
Q

Mepolizumab

A

-anti-IL-5 mAbs
-maintenance therapy of severe asthma in pt w eosinophillic phenotype

34
Q

Reslizumab

A

-anti-IL-5 mAbs
-maintenance therapy of severe asthma in pt w eosinophillic phenotype

35
Q

Ultra-LABA

A

-

Therapeutics (78 decks)

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