69: Pediatrics Flashcards
Corrected age
-actual age - weeks early
-so if 16-week baby was born 12 weeks early we are counting that as 4 weeks bc technically it wasnt supposed to come out yet
Infant growth
-doubles 4-6 months
-triples by 12 months
-length inc 50% by 12 months
Growth charts
-tools for monitoring weight, length, head circumeference
Ped vitals
-higher HR and RR that dec until normal around age 12
-lower BP that inc until 12
When to refer for fever
-under 3 months
-fever >24 hours if less than 2
-fever >72 hours if 2 or older
-fever >104 any age
-everyone if no improvement after tx
OTC options for fever and pain
-acetaminophen
-ibuprofen
Acetaminophen for peds
-10-15mg/kg q4-6h
-max 75mg/kg/day or 4g/day
-32mg/mL
Ibuprofen for peds
-5-10mg/kg q6-8h max 40
-only children over 6 months
-20mg/mL
-can cause nephrotoxicity and bleeding
Absorption in peds
-thinner skin layers
-maturing motility and slower rate of absorption
-inc gas pH (greater bioavailability of acid-sensitive drugs but need larger dose of weak acids)
Distribution in peds
-inc total body water
-inc ECF
-dec protein binding
Water to fat distribution in ages
-premie upto 90% water 1% fat
-to term 75 % and 15%
-adults 60% 20-25%
metabolism in peds
-liver enzymes take time to mature
-dosing changes over time
caffeine half life in infants vs adults
-72 hours vs 3 hours
Excretion in peds
-urine output >1ml/kg/hr
-serum creatine and BUNc
calculate serum creatine clearance
-eGFR (mL/min/1.73m) = 0.413 (height in cm/Scr)
