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PRE-REG-Thuri > INFECTIONS - MALARIA, BITE PREVENTION, CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS, > Flashcards

INFECTIONS - MALARIA, BITE PREVENTION, CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS, Flashcards

1
Q

what is malaria?

A

Serious tropical disease spread via mosquito bits carrying plasmodium.

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2
Q

What are the 5 symptoms of malaria?

A

High temperature - above 38 degrees

Chills

Headache

muscle ache

diarrhoea + vomiting

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3
Q

What to do before travelling when regarding malaria?

A

Find out risk of malaria in that country

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4
Q

Should pregnant women and asplenic people go to malaria known countries?

A

Avoid

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5
Q

What are 4 prevention methods for mosquito bites?

A

Personal protection

NET - with permethrin

DEET mosquito repellant (20-50% 2 months plus, use suncream first)

Long sleeves + trousers after dusk

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6
Q

Is DEET suitable for pregnancy/ breastfeeding?

A

yes

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7
Q

What age is DEET suitable from?

A

2 months onwards

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8
Q

What are 6 example drugs of chemoprophylaxis of malaria?

A

Chloroquine

Chloroquine + Proguanil

Doxycycline - over 12 years

Malarone

Mefloquine

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9
Q

What is a recent MHRA warning related to chloroquine?

A

Risk of CVD effect when using with macrolides

Psychiatric conditions

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10
Q

What is a key patient counselling point for chloroquine?

A

Report new/worsening MH symptoms

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11
Q

How long to continue doxycycline for malaria chemoprophylaxis?

A

4 weeks after leaving country.

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12
Q

What is doxycycline dose for chemophophylaxis of malaria?

A

100mg OD, take this 1 to 2 days before enteric endemic area

Continue 4 weeks after leaving

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13
Q

Can you drive on mefloquine?

A

No

Dizziness or a disturbed sense of balance may affect performance.

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14
Q

What anti-malarial drug has risk of driving issues?

A

Mefloquine

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15
Q

What 2 anti-malarials to avoid if patient is epileptic?

A

Chloroquine

Mefloquine

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16
Q

What anti-malarials to reduce dose if patient has renal impairment?

A

Proguanil

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17
Q

What anti-malarial drug to avoid if eGFR <30?

A

Malarone

18
Q

What anti-malarials are allowed in pregnancy?

A

Chloroquine ONLY - benefit outweights risk

Proguanil = no longer be used in malaria prophylaxis in pregnant pts.

ONLY chloroquine is licensed as proguanil is no longer available in the UK from 23rd July 2023.

19
Q

What should be given when pregnant women taking Chloroquine as antimalarial?

A

5mg folic acid daily

20
Q

What 2 malaria prophylaxis drugs can you take long term?

A

Proguanil

Chloroquine

21
Q

When to take antimalarial if patient on warfarin?

A

Start drug 2-3 weeks before travel

Stable INR- monitor before, 7 days after start + completion

22
Q

What is malarone?

A

Atovaquone/Proguanil

23
Q

What antimalarial drug to start 2-3 weeks before travel?

A

Mefloquine

24
Q

How long to take malarone after travel?

A

1 week after travel

25
Q

What 2 anti-malarials to take 1-2 days before travel?

A

Malarone

Doxycycline

26
Q

What antimalarials to take 1 week before?

A

Proguanil

Chloroquine

27
Q

What is standby treatment for malaria?

A

Emergency prevention tx if away from medical care for 24+ hrs

28
Q

What written instructions does a traveller need for standby treatment for malaria?

A

seeking urgent medical attention if fever (38°C or more) develops 7 days after arriving.

self treat if no medical help within 24 hrs

29
Q

What is drug used in standby emergency malaria treatment?

A

Quinine

30
Q

What is 1st line drug tx for falciparum malaria?

A

Artemether with lumefantrine

31
Q

What is drug tx for falciparum malaria if 1st line not available?

A

quinine

32
Q

What counselling point to tell patients with any illness within 1 year after malaria exposure?

A

Promptly see doctor + mention exposure.

33
Q

How to take malarone?

A

1-2 days before travel

1 OD

Take 1 week after travel.

Max 1 year use

34
Q

How to take chloroquine?

A

1 week before travel

1 Weekly

Take it 4 weeks after travel

Can take long term

35
Q

What 2 antimalarials are taken 1 a week?

A

Chloroquine

Mefloquine

36
Q

How to take proguanil?

A

Take 1 week before travel

1 OD

4 weeks after travel

37
Q

How to take mefloquine?

A

Take 2-3 weeks before travel

1 weekly

take 4 weeks after travel

38
Q

How to take doxycycline for prophylaxis travel?

A

1-2 days before travel

1 OD

4 weeks after travel

39
Q

What drug is taken for 2 years in prophylaxis of malaria?

A

Doxycycline

40
Q

What 2 antimalarials taken 1 weekly?

A

Mefloquine
Chloroquine

41
Q

What antimalarial drug causes psychiatric disorders?

A

Mefloquine

42
Q

What antimalarial retinotoxic?

A

Chloroquine

PRE-REG-Thuri (44 decks)

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