Ch.27Management of Superficial Wounds, Deep and Chronic Wounds, Sinus Tracts, and Fistulas Flashcards
Which statement is true regarding horse skin?
a. The average thickness of the body skin is 3.8 mm, the skin near body openings is 6.2mm
b.The average thickness of the body skin is 3.8 mm, the skin near body openings is 3.3mm
c. Skin is thinner at the extensor surface of the legs than at the flexor surface.
d.In general, the skin of the horse is thinner than that of swine, goats, and sheep.
b. The average thickness of the body skin was 3.8 mm, the skin near body openings 3.3 mm, and the skin at the mane and tail 6.2 mm.
Skin was thicker in older geldings than in younger horses and thicker at the extensor surface of the legs than at the flexor surface. In general, the skin of the horse is thicker than that of swine, goats, and sheep; thinner than that of beef cattle; and similar in thickness to that of dairy cattle.
List the 4 keratinocyte layers of the epidermis from deep to superficial,
a. stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, and stratum corneum
b.stratum corneum, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, and stratum basale
c.stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum basale
d.stratum basale, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum corneum
a. From deep to superficial, the epidermis is composed of four layers of keratinocytes: the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, and stratum corneum
What cells are responsible for mechanoreception of light touch
a. Langerhans cells
b. melanocytes
c. merkel cells
d. keratinocytes
c.merkel cells
Other cells found in the epidermis include melanocytes for production of melanin, merkel cells for mecha- noreception of light touch, and Langerhans cells to help fight infection by engulfing foreign material.
Which of these statements are true regarding debridement of a wound?
a. Débridement is used to alter the wound classification from infected or contaminated to clean-contaminated or clean.
b. The presence of foreign material increases the number of bacteria necessary for infection by a factor of 10
c. The presence of sterile gel on the wound increases the number of bacteria necessary for infection by a factor of 10
d. Débridement is an ineffective way to reduce the bacterial load within a wound.
a. Débridement is used to alter the wound clas- sification from infected or contaminated to clean-contaminated or clean.
Which is least traumatic technique of sharp debridement?
a. scissors
b. laser
c. scalpel
d. embryotomy wire
c. Scalpel débridement
What pressure should be used when using lavage to debride
The pressure should be between 10 and 15 pounds per square inch (psi). One way to achieve this pressure is to attach a 19-gauge needle or catheter to a 35-mL syringe.
Which statement is true regarding hypertonic dressing?
a. Hypertonic dressings provide effective chemical débridement however they cause damage to the wound in the early stages of healing
b. Hypertonic dressings provide effective chemical débride- ment with minimal damage to the wound in the early stages of healing
c. Hypertonic dressings provide effective mechanical débridement with minimal damage to the wound in the early stages of healing
d. Hypertonic dressings provide effective mechanical débridement however they cause damage to the wound in the early stages of healing
b. Hypertonic dressings provide effective chemical débridement with minimal damage to the wound in the early stages of healing
Biological débridement has been used since antiquity by applying the larvae of which fly into wounds.
a. Calliphora vomitoria (bluebottle fly)
b. Musca domestica (house fly)
c. Lucilia sericata (greenbottle fly)
d.Sarcophagidae crassipalpis (flesh fly)
c. Lucilia sericata (greenbottle fly)
Which is the least traumatic debridement technique?
a. Autolytic
b. Sharp debridement
c. Lavage
d. Chemical debridement
a. autolytic débridement
is the least traumatic of the débridement techniques. It is achieved by leaving wound fluid (containing white blood cells and enzymes released from dead white blood cells) in contact with the wound bed. The white blood cells and enzymes affect only the dead and necrotic tissue, leaving healthy cells intact for wound healing.
The débridement stage begins early in the inflammatory stage and is marked by
a. migration of neutrophils and macrophages into the wound site
b. fibroblast migration and proliferation
c. equilibrium between collagen production and collagen destruction
a. The débridement stage begins early in the inflammatory stage and is marked by migration of neutrophils and macrophages into the wound site.
What cells are responsible for wound contraction
myofibroblasts
Wound contraction is the process by which full-thickness skin is drawn together by specialized fibroblasts known as myofibroblasts, which are similar to smooth muscle cells
True or false:
Unlike antiseptics, topical antimicrobial agents provide efficacy against bacteria within the wound bed and, depending on the vehicle, they have minimal negative side effects on wound healing
True
True or false:
When possible, to reduce concerns about antibiotic resistance, the antimicrobial chosen for topical use should be one that is unlikely to be used systemically.
True
True or false:
Nitrofurazone ointment has been shown to be one of the most effective topical antibiotics in wound healing.
False
Triple-antibiotic ointment has been shown to be one of the most effective topical antibiotics in wound healing. nitrofurazone, at least in current vehicles, is quite toxic to wounds and cannot be recommended
True or false
Primary closure refers to the technique whereby the wound is closed immediately and completely using strict aseptic technique.
True
