exercise and altitude week 8 Flashcards
how does air density affect speed of movement (for sprinters)?
low air density causes less resistance to high speed movement
some sprint performances can be improved by low air density
how does air density affect speed of movement (for long distance runners)?
can improve timing and allow faster races
but long distance requires more O2 in air so low air density can reduce aerobic activity
what is Boyle’s law?
gas volume is inversely proportional to its pressure
same % of each gases but lower partial pressure at high altitude
what is hypoxia ?
low PO2 (altitude)
what is normoxia ?
normal PO2 (sea level)
what is hyperoxia ?
high PO2
what is hypoxaemia ?
low levels of O2 in blood
what are short term adjustments to altitude ?
hyperventilation to raise O2 levels
increase HR
Increased CO
loss of fluids if cold/dry air
how long would it take to adjust to altitude ?
2 weeks but physiology would still be diff than at sea level
what happens to aerobic power(VO2) at altitude ?
huge decline
how does ventilation change at altitude ?
increased ventilation for the same work load than at sea level to increase O2 levels
what happens to heart rate responses to max exercise at altitude ?
HR strain is reduced- lower max HR
parasympathetic NS limits max HR at altitude - could be cardioprotective
what is the lactate paradox at altitude ?
lactate production isn’t higher at altitude
what is an effect of altitude acclimatisation on the CV response ? (3)
CO reduces
reduced plasma to increase its concentration
improved O2 extraction capacity
what are vascular/cellular changes due to altitude? (4)
increased capillarisation around muscles
increased myoglobin in muscles
increased aerobic enzymes
increased lactate consumption and oxidation by active muscle - increased ability to use lactate
