Bandura’s Procedure Flashcards

1
Q

Summarise Bandura’s procedure Simply.

A
  1. Allocation
  2. Initial observation room
  3. The conditions
  4. The arousal phase
  5. The final observation
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2
Q

How were the children allocated into the different conditions?

A

They were pre-tested on 4 different measure of aggression based on a 5 point scale. Then they were assigned to 3 groups, that were matched on aggression levels and then one of each group allocated to a different condition.

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3
Q

How was the children’s aggression levels determined? On what scale?

A

They were rated on 4 different measures of:
1. Physical aggression
2. Verbal aggression
3. Aggression to inanimate objects
4. Aggression inhibition
Each on a 5 point scale

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4
Q

What were the 4 measures of aggression that the children were rated on?

A
  1. Physical aggression
  2. Verbal aggression
  3. Aggression to inanimate objects
  4. Aggression inhibition
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5
Q

Who rated the children when matching their aggression levels?

A

The experimenter and a teacher who knew them well

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6
Q

Where were the children rated to match their aggression levels?

A

Their nursery school

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7
Q

How much children were rated by both observers?

A

51 children
The rest were rated by 1 observer

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8
Q

Were the 2 raters that matched the children on aggression levels consistent in their ratings?

A

Similar ratings were produced.
Their ratings were compared as a measure of Inter rarer reliability. Their ratings showed a high correlation of r=0.89 between the observers.

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9
Q

What was the correlation score between the observers?

A

r= 0.89

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10
Q

The ratings of the 2 observers were compared as a measure of…

A

Inter-rater reliability

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11
Q

Explain how much children were in each condition.

A

12 boys and 12 girls were allocated to the control and the rest of the children were allocated based on sex, age and aggression. They were then further divided based on the sex of the model.

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12
Q

Describe the allocation phase in the procedure.

A

The children’s behaviour was observed in their nursery. By the experimenter and a teacher who knew them well. They were rated on 4 different measures on a 5 point scale. Children with the same score were put in groups of 3 and 1/3 was allocated to a different condition.

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13
Q

Describe the allocation phase in the procedure. Part 2

A

51 children were rated by 2 observers and the rest by 1 observer. The observers ratings were compared as a measure of inter rater relatability, their ratings showed a high correlation of R=0.89z

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14
Q

Describe the allocation phase in the procedure. Part 3

A

12 boys and 12 girls were allocated to the control. The rest were allocated based on age, sex, aggression ratings into the non/aggressive conditions which was further divided between same/opposite sex models

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15
Q

What was in the 1st observation room?

A

A table and chair
Play area
Potato prints and sticker activities
Table and chair with toys
Model
Experimenter

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16
Q

What toys were in the 1st observation room?

A

A mallet
Tinker Toy set
5ft Bono Doll

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17
Q

What activities did the children do in the 1st observation room?

A

Potato prints and sticker picture activities

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18
Q

How tall was the bobo doll in the 1st condition?

A

5ft

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19
Q

Why did the experimenter remain in the room quietly working at their desk?

A

So the child wouldn’t refuse to be alone or try to leave

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20
Q

Why did the children do potato prints and sticker picture activities?

A

Activities that were previously identified as interesting to the children

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21
Q

Describe the observation room phase of the procedure

A

The child and the experimenter went to the observation room and showed them to a table and chair in their play area. Where they did potato prints and sticker picture activities. The opposite corner of the room had a tinker toy set, 5ft bobo roll, mallet. The model sat here. The experimenter did some work quietly at their desk.

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22
Q

What did the opposite corner of the 1st observation room have?

A

A table and chair
A Tinker Toy set
A bobo solo
A mallet

23
Q

Did the child and the experiment go in to the initial observation room together?

A

Yes and the experimenter showed them to the table in the play area.

24
Q

Why were there 2 table and chairs in the initial observation room?

A

One was in the play area and is wher the children did their activities .
The other was next to the toys.

25
Q

What happened in the aggression condition?

A

The model assembled the tinker toys for 1 minute. Then the model attacked the bobo doll. This sequence was repeated 3 times over a 9 minute duration. The model made aggressive comments.

26
Q

How did the model attack the bobo doll? Describe this sequence?

A
  1. Laid the doll on its side
  2. Sat on the doll
  3. Punched in the nose
  4. Picked up and hit on the head with a mallet.
  5. Tossed up in the air and kicked .
27
Q

What were the aggressive comments the model made in the aggressive condition?

A

Kick him
Sock him
POW

28
Q

What were the non-aggressive comments the model made in the aggressive condition?

A

He sure is a tough fella
He keeps coming back for more

29
Q

How much times was this fight sequence repeated by the model?

A

3 times
For 9 minutes

30
Q

How long was the fight sequence?

A

9 minutes

31
Q

What happened in the non aggressive condition?

A

The model assembled the tinker toys for 10 minutes. Half saw an same sex model/ opposite sex model.

32
Q

What happened in the control condition?

A

They didn’t see any model/thus no aggression

33
Q

How is interrater realibility measured?

A

Using a correlation (an r value) between 2 ratings which will be high (reliable) or low

34
Q

Describe what happened in the condition stage of the procedure.

A

In the aggression condition, the model assembled the tinker toys for 1 minute. Then the model attacked the bobo doll and this was repeated 3 times for 9 minutes. In the non aggression condition the model assembled the tinker toy for 10 minutes. (Half saw same sex models) The control saw no model thus no aggression.

35
Q

Where did the arousal phase take place?

A

The children were taking into an anteroom with a number of attractive toys.

36
Q

What type of toys were in the anteroom?

A

A fire engine
A locomotive
A doll with a wardrobe full of clothes

37
Q

How were the children deliberately annoyed?

A

They were told they could play with the attractive toys. After 2 minutes to playing they were told the toys were reserved for other children.

38
Q

Why were the children deliberately annoyed?

A
  1. Watching aggression may reduce the production of aggression by the observer. The researchers needed to see evidence of learning.
  2. To ensure all ppts in each condition would be likely to express aggression so any reduction in that tendency could be measured.
39
Q

Explain which group was the control.

A

The group with no model where the IV is absent.

40
Q

Describe what happened in the arousal phase of the procedure.

A

In this stage all ppts were deliberately annoyed. They were taken into an anteroom with many attractive toys.
They were told they could play with the toys. After 2 minutes of playing they were told that the toys were reserved for other children.

41
Q

Imitative physical aggression included..?

A

Hitting bobo with mallet
Punching, kicking, sitting on bobo

42
Q

Imitative verbal aggression included…?

A

Sock him
Kick him
POW
Hit him down

43
Q

Partially imitative aggression….

A

Mallet aggression (hitting other objects aggressively with the mallet)
Sits in bobo doll (laying on bobo doll without attacking it)

44
Q

Aggressive gun play

A

Shooting darts
Aiming and firing imaginary shots at objects across the room

45
Q

Non imitative physical and verbal aggression

A

Physically aggressive acts directed toward objects other than the bobo.
Or non- imitative hostile remarks

46
Q

Name the aggressive toys in the final observation room

A

3ft bobo doll
Peg board
2 dart guns
Tether ball with a face on it

47
Q

Name the non aggressive toys in the final observation room.

A

Tea set
Crayons/ colouring paper
2 dolls / 3 bears

48
Q

Describe the final observation room

A

The child was taken into the room where they were observed for 20 minutes via a one way mirror where the children couldn’t see they were being observed. The room had a range of aggressive and non aggressive toys. These toys were always set out in the same way.

49
Q

Summarise the final data collection

A

1: intervals
2: records
3: scorer
4: reliability
(iisr)

50
Q

Final Data collection: intervals

A
  • The children’s behaviour was observed in 5 minute intervals.
  • 240 response units per child)
  • There were 3 response measures of imitation. (with a range of activities in each)
51
Q

Final Data collection: records

A
  • There were even Behaviour units counted for non aggressive play and sitting quietly (not playing at all)
  • Records of the childrens remarks were kept
52
Q

Final observation:scorer

A
  • A male model scored all the children behaviour
  • Expect for the conditions
  • Unaware of which conditions the child had been in.
53
Q

Final observation: Reliability

A
  • A second scorer independently rated the behaviour of half the children.
  • The reliability score was r=0.9 (high) for diff behaviour categories