Bandura (issues and debates)

Question 1

Define nature

Answer 1

The characteristics we are born with or develop out of the natural maturation process

Question 2

Define nurture

Answer 2

The characteristics we develop as a result of learning

Question 3

Define individual

Answer 3

behaviour that are influenced by factors within the person

Question 4

define situational

Answer 4

Behaviours that are influened by factors in the external enviroment (social)

Question 5

Nature- Bandura

Answer 5

• Boys imitated more physical aggression than girls
• Gender/ influence of hormones (testosterone/oestrogen)
  -can influence aggression levels and brain development

Question 6

Nuture-Bandura

Answer 6

• The **type of model **they saw had a clear influence of whether their behaviour was aggressive/ non aggressive
• Which behaviour proves this behaviour is learnt

Question 7

Bandura- Situational

Answer 7

• Ppts were **more likely **to imitate physical/verbal aggression after observing an aggressive model compared to a non-aggressive model
• Indicates the situation of having to** witness** aggression increases the likelihood pptts imitated aggressive acts

Question 8

Bandura- Individual factors

Answer 8

• 1/3 of ppts in aggressive conditions imitated non-aggressive remarks made by models whilst none in the contols did
• Indicates some pptts had a personality type that meant they were more likely to imitate any behaviour

Question 9

Psychologist being investigated

Answer 9

• People pay attention/observe the behaviour of a role model
• They will then retain that info in memory
• They will imitate/ reproduce the behaviour of they feel capable
• They are more likely to repeate the behaviour if they see the model being rewarded
• The imitation is seen as more probable if the model is of the same sex

Question 10

Ethical issues (consent)

Answer 10

• No indication of the parents consent
• Although the head teacher was aware of the study

Question 11

Ethics- Right to withdraw

Answer 11

• The expeirmenter remained in the room with the child so they couldn’t leave the roo.

Question 12

Ethics- Protection from harm

Answer 12

• Witnessed aggressive behaviours which could lead them to become aggressive/ aggressive dispositions (lives)
• Risks of physically injury when playing with toys after observing aggression

Question 13

The study showed aggresion can be observed and imitated.Name 4 ways the study can be applied to the real world.

Answer 13

• Women can teach girls/ men can teach boys how to behave more effectively
• Boys to witness same-sex models showing friendly behaviour
• Producers to ensure characters are non aggressive
• Warnings on TV about levels of aggressive content

Question 14

Name 3 practical issues when working with children

Answer 14

1. Exposed to less violence than adults (reduces demand characteristics)
2. Fewer extranoeus varibles that would affect aggression levels
3. More naive (reduces demand characterstics/social desirability bias)