Bandura (methods, Findings)

Question 1

Aim of the study

Answer 1

To investigate whether a child would learn aggression by OBSERVING a model. And would REPRODUCE this behaviour in the model absence. And whether the SEX of the model was important.

Question 2

4 hypothesis

Answer 2

1. Observed aggressive behaviours will be imitated.
2. Observed non-aggressive behaviours will be imitated
3. Children are more likely to copy a same sex model
4. Boys will be more likely to copy aggression than girls

Question 3

What was the experimental design of Bandura’s experiment?

Answer 3

1. Independent measures design as different children were used in each condition.
2. Matched pairs design as children were matched in aggression levels into 3 groups. One of each of the 3 allocated into the 3 diff conditions of of model type.

Question 4

What are the results that support: Observed aggressive behaviour will be imitated.

Answer 4

Children in the aggressive condition imitated significantly more physically/verbally aggressive behaviour than children in the non aggressive and control condition.
Boys= 25.8/ 1.5/ 2.0
Girls= 5.5/ 2.5/ 1.2

Question 5

Observed non aggressive behaviour will be imitated.

Answer 5

Children in the non aggressive condition showed very little aggression. But results were not always significantly less than the control.
Boys= 1.5
Girls=2.5

Results for physical aggression across conditions

Question 6

Children are more likely to copy a same sex model than opposite sex models

Answer 6

Girls imitated verbal aggression an average of 13.7 compared to 2.0 with male models

Question 7

Children are more likely to copy a same sex model than opposite sex models (against)

Answer 7

The behaviour of male models exerted greater influence than the female model.
Mallet aggression for girls with female models was 17.2 and with males was 18.7

Question 8

Boys will be more likely to copy aggression than girls

Answer 8

Boys (25.8) imitated more physical aggression than girls (5.5) .

Question 9

Qualitative results: knowledge of sex-typed behaviour

Answer 9

“Who is that lady”
“Ladies are supposed to act like ladies”

Question 10

Qualitative data: disapproving vs approving comments

Answer 10

“Als a good socker”
“ I want to sock like Al”

Question 11

Qualitative data: differences in toy preferences in non aversive play

Answer 11

Girls played with dolls/ teas sets
Boys engaged with more exploratory play and gun play

Question 12

General conclusions:

Answer 12

The results suggest observation and imitation can account for the learning of specific acts. without reinforcement of the model or observer. All 4 hypotheses were supported.

Question 13

Children are more likely to copy same sex models but this may depend on…

Answer 13

The extent to which this behaviour is sex typed

Question 14

Give 4 conclusions

Answer 14

1. Watching a model can prodcue aggression in the observer
2. Boys are more likely to copy physicall aggressive behaviour than girls
3. Girls are slightly more likely to copy verbally aggresive behaviour than males
4. Male model aggresion is more likely to be copied than aggresion from female models

Question 15

Give a result about gun play

Answer 15

males showed more aggressive gun play than females