Epithelial dysplasia Flashcards
define dysplasia
abnormal growth
what is epithelial dysplasia?
is a premalignant process where dysplasia is limited to the surface squamous epithelium, the cells don’t have the ability to invade adjacent normal tissues
what is Nuclear and cellular pleomorphism?
change in shape and size
remember histological feature of epithelial dysplasia
Alteration in nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio
define Nuclear hyperchromatism
DNA absorbs more eosin so chromosomes stain darker
define Prominent nucleoli
nucleus looks darker
what does Increased and abnormal mitoses mean?
increased turnover of cells
Loss of polarity of basal cells
what does this mean?
how the basal cells sit on the membrane
define Basal cell hyperplasia
more cells than should be in basal layer
what happens to the rete pegs in epithelial dysplasia
Drop-shaped rete pegs (wider at deeper parts) due to more cells in basal layer
what does Irregular epithelial stratification or disturbed maturation mean?
disturbed layers in epithelium e.g. prickle cell, intermediate
define hyperkeratosis
more keratin than normal
define dyskeratosis
cell starts to keratinise before the surface is reached
why is there a Loss/reduction of intercellular adhesion in epithelial dysplasia?
so they can metastasise
