1923

Question 1

Ruhr invasion what did France do?

Answer 1

Jan 1923 French invaded as Germany had fallen behind in its reparations of coal
60,000 French and Belgian
Their aim was to seize the Ruhrs coal, steel and manufactured goods as reparations
Force grew to 100,000
Took control of mines , factories , steelwork and railways , demanded food from shops and set up machine gun posts in the streets

Question 2

Ruhr invasion what did Germany do?

Answer 2

Wilhelm Cunos gov knew majority military action was impossible.
Stopped all reparations payments
Policy of passive resistance
Workers promised wages would continue if they went on strike
Freikorps and German army sabotaged
Around 150,000 Germans expelled in the area. 132 shot in 8 months including 7 year old boy.

Question 3

Ruhr invasion : what did France do next?

Answer 3

French established military courts and punished mine owners , miners and civil servants who didn’t comply
150,000 expelled
132 shot
French brought in own workers
Coal delivery went down to a 1/3
Overall output fell to 1/5 of preoccupation

Question 4

Ruhr invasion : what was the economic impact?

Answer 4

Supporting strikers drained govs funds
Tax lost from frim business and workers who became unemployed
Germany had to import coal and pay for it from limited foreign currency reserves
Shortage of goods pushed up prices up further
Combined cost : twice annual reparations payment

Question 5

What was the govs response?

Answer 5

PRINT MORE MONEY

Question 6

8 consequences of hyper inflation? Need 4-5

Answer 6

Notes were worthless
Food shortages
Desperation = crime
Urban theft from farms
Thievery became common
Bartering of possessions
Spend ASAP
Wages in wheelbarrows

Question 7

What was the price of rye bread in 1923?

Answer 7

Jan - 163 marks
Oct - 9 million marks
Nov - 233 billion marks

Question 8

3 winners of hyper inflation?

Answer 8

Black marketeers
People with debts, mortgages and loans could be paid off in worthless money
Most farmers coped well since food was in high demand and money was less important in the county side.

Question 9

3 losers of hyperinflation?

Answer 9

Those who relied on savings investments , fixed income or welfare support
Pensioners - war widows
Landlords reliant on fixed rent