bowel ischemia Flashcards

1
Q

define ischemic colitis

A

Lack of blood supply to the colon causes inflammation and injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the pathophysiology behind ischaemic colitis

A

1 Occlusion of a branch of SMA or IM A
2 Results in a watershed area of the colon esp at splenic flexure and sigmoid colon + rectum
3 Lack of blood flow causes pain + bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the complications associated with ischemic colitis?

A

-Perforation -> Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
-Strictures -> obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the causes of ischemic colitis?

A
  • thrombosis
  • emboli
  • atherosclerosis
  • decrease CO + arrhythmias
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

epidemiology of ischemic colitis

A

elderly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the symptoms of ischemic colitis?

A

· LLQ pain
· Bright, bloody stool
· + /- signs of hypovolemic shock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how do you diagnose ischemic colitis?

A

Colonoscopy + biopsy (after recovered)
· Stool sample

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how is ischemic colitis treated?

A

symptomatic
↳> IV fluid + antibiotics
· Gangrenous (infarcted Colon)
↳> only surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

define mesenteric ischaemia

A

Decreased or blocked blood flow to large or small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the two types of mesenteric ischaemia?

A

-Acute MI -> acute attack (abdominal MI)
- Chronic MI- longer lasting ( abdo angina)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the causes behind mesenteric ischaemia?

A

Affecting SMA:
-thrombosis
- emboli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the symptoms of mesenteric ischemia?

A
  1. central/ IRF acute severe abdo pain
  2. no abdo signs on exam ( e.g guarding/ rebound tender)
  3. rapid hypovolemic shock
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how is mesenteric ischaemia diagnosed?

A
  1. CT angiogram
    - shows arterial blockage
  2. FBC + ABG
    - persistent metabolic acidosis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how is mesenteric ischaemia treated?

A
  1. fluid resuscitation
  2. antibiotics
  3. iv heparin
  4. infected bowel- surgery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the two types of bowel ischaemia?

A
  1. ischemic colitis
  2. mesenteric ischaemia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly