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2024 - Élo - Qbank > Micro > Flashcards

Micro Flashcards

1
Q

What is the causative organism of lymphogranuloma venereum?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

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2
Q

How does a chancroid present?

A

Erythematous papule that rapidly turns into a pustule, and then a painful ulcer. The ulcer is 1-2 cm with a dermarcated boarder and is covered in a gray/yellow purulent exudate

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3
Q

What causes a chancroid ulcer?

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

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4
Q

What region do you find histoplasmosis in?

A

Central US; most frequently Ohio, Mississippi, Missouri river valleys

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5
Q

How does Coccidioides appear microscopically?

A

20-60 micrometer nonbudding spherules filled with endospores

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6
Q

Molluscum contagiosum is part of what virus family?

A

Poxvirus

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7
Q

What is the genome of the pox virus?

A

DsDNA, linear, enveloped and replicates in the cytoplasm with a DNA dependent RNA polymerase

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8
Q

An extracellular atypical fungus infecting patients with HIV?

A

Pneumocystis jirovecii

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9
Q

What do the granulomas look like of a person infected with Bartonella henelae?

A

Stellate granulomas with central necrosis and the organism

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10
Q

What causes cysticercosis?

A

Taenia solium

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11
Q

How does S aureus inhibit opsonization?

A

Protein A - binds Fc component of IgG

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12
Q

Skin scrapings from someone infected with HSV demonstrates what?

A

Intranuclear inclusion bodies

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13
Q

What family does RSV belong to?

A

Paramyxoviridae

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14
Q

How does one become infected with toxoplasma gondii?

A

Ingest the oocysts from cat feces or incompletely cooked lamb or pork

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15
Q

What does hantavirus cause? What is its mode of transmission?

A

Fatal respiratory illness; endemic to desert of SW US. Rodent droppings

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16
Q

Patient comes in contact with infected bird droppings and contracts and atypical pneumonia. What is the likely organism?

A

Chlamydophila psittaci

17
Q

What does Rickettsia prowazekii cause?

A

Epidemic louse borne typhus

18
Q

What do Cowdry type A inclusions look like?

A

Eosinophilic intranuclear viral inclusions

19
Q

What is the classic triad of gestational toxoplasmosis?

A

Chorioretinitis, intracranial calcifications, encephalitis leading to hydrocephalus

20
Q

What is the mechanism of cholera toxin?

A

Activating AC by ADP ribosylation of a GTP binding protein

21
Q

What is the mechanism of exotoxin A? What organism produces it?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa; inhibits EF2 by ADP ribosylation

22
Q

What kind of media do V vulnificus and parahaemolyticus grow on?

A

Alkaline media - TCBS

23
Q

CMV is part of what virus family?

A

Herpesvirus family

24
Q

What is erythema infectiosum?

A

Parvovirus B19 - slapped cheek fever

25
Q

What is the mechanism causation of diarrhea due to cryptosporidiosis?

A

C parvum infects the brush border and causes direct lysis of the cells

26
Q

Fungal infection that shows multiple tiny oval forms within macrophages on biopsy?

A

Histoplasmosis

27
Q

During what stage of the bacterial life cycle do spores form?

A

Stationary phase - when cell growth ceases because of depletion of nutrients or accumulation of toxins

28
Q

What is ecthyma grangrenosum? What causes it?

A

Black, necrotic center and a riased hemorrhagic ring outside; due to infection with P aeruginosa

29
Q

What are common causes of septic abortion?

A

S aureus (very common), others: gram neg bacilli (E coli) and GBS

30
Q

What generation is cefotaxime in?

A

3rg gen

31
Q

Do third generation cephalosporins cover listeria?

A

No

32
Q

Patient who recently underwent a genitourinary procedure has a UTI two days later. Gram stain shows gram + cocci in pairs and chains. Additionally, the organism is unable to convert nitrates to nitrites. What is the probable organism?

A

Enterococci - gamma hemolysis, PYR +, ability to grow in bile and 6.5% NaCl

33
Q

How does RSV present?

A

Age <2 with antecedent nasal congestion/discharge and cough, following by wheezing/crackles and resp distress

2024 - Élo - Qbank (33 decks)

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