gross 1- back Flashcards

1
Q

3 muscle groups of the back

A

superficial
intermediate
deep

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2
Q

superficial back muscles

A

anchor upper limp to axial skeleton

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3
Q

intermediate back muscles

A

assists in respiration

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4
Q

deep back muscles

A

maintain posture, act on vertebral column (raise and lower spine)

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5
Q

extrinsic muscles

A

superficial and intermediate

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6
Q

intrinsic

A

deep

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7
Q

what are the superficial back muscles

A

trapezius
latissimus dorsi
levator scapulae
rhomboid major and minor

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8
Q

what are the intermediate back muscles

A

serratus posterior superior

serratus posterior inferior

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9
Q

what are the deep back muscles

A

semispinalis capitis
splenius capitis
spelnius cervicis
erector spinae

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10
Q

innervation of superficial and intermediate back muscles

A

ventral rami

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11
Q

innervation of deep back muscles

A

dorsal rami

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12
Q

clinical notes of dorsal rami

A
  • deep back muscles receive innervations segmentally
  • overlap- loss of 1 or 2 rami will not produce clinical symptoms
  • nerves do NOT cross midline (ipsilateral)
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13
Q

origin of trapezius

A
  • superior nuchal line
  • nuchal ligament
  • C7-T12 spinous process
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14
Q

insertion of trapezius

A
  • lateral part of clavicle

- acromion and spine of scapula

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15
Q

action of trapezius

A
  • elevates
  • depresses
  • retracts scapula
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16
Q

S of trapezius

A
  • accessory nerve (Xll)

- transverse cervical vessels

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17
Q

accessory nerve path

A

runs deep to muscle, posterioinferiorly from jugular foramen.

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18
Q

ventral rami C3-C4 path

A

runs deep to muscle. posteriorly from intervertebral foramina

19
Q

transverse cervical artery and vein

A

runs deep to muscle. posteriolaterally from thryocervical trunk

20
Q

latissimus dorsi orgin

A
  • T7-T12 spinous process
  • thoracolumbar fascia
  • crest of ilium
21
Q

insertion of latissimus dorsi

A

intertuberculum sulcus of humerus

22
Q

action of latissimus dorsi

A

adducts
extends
medially rotates humerus

23
Q

s of latissimus dorsi

A

thoracodorsal nerve and vessels

intercoastal vessels

24
Q

rhomboids orgin

A

C7-T5 spinous process

25
Q

rhomboids insertion

A

medial boarder of scapula from spine to inferior angle

26
Q

rhomboids action

A

retract scapula

27
Q

s of rhomboids

A

dorsal scapular nerve and vessels

28
Q

levator scapulae orgin, insertion, action, s

A

orgin- transverse process of 1st 3-4 vertebrae
insertion- upper medial boarder of scapula
action- elevates scapula
s- dorsal scapular nerve and vessels

29
Q

serratus anterior orgin, insertion, action, s

A

orgin- lateral surface of 1st 8 ribs
insertion- anterior surface of medial boarder of scapula
action- protracts scapula and holds it to wall
supply- long thoracic nerve and lateral thoracic vessels

30
Q

triangle of auscultation

A

=to listen to
between 6 and 7th rib
listening to organs of the thorax

31
Q

boundaries of the triangle of auscultation

A

superior- trapequiz
inferior- latissimus dorsi
lateral- rhomboid major
floor- 6th inter coastal space

32
Q

lumbar triangle boundaries

A

medial- latissimus dorsi
lateral- external oblique
inferior- ilaic crest
floor- internal oblique

33
Q

site of lumbar hernia

A

lumbar triangle

34
Q

serratus posterior superior orgin, insertion, action, supply

A

orgin- spinous process C7-T3
insertion- superior boarder of ribs 2-5
action- elevate upper ribs
supply- 1st 4 intercostal nerves and vessels

35
Q

serratus posterior inferior orgin, insertion, action, supply

A

orgin- spinous process T11-L2
insertion- inferior boarder of ribs 8-12
action- depress lower ribs
supply- last 4 intercostal nerves and vessels

36
Q

erector spinae muscles orgin, insertion, action, supply

A

orgin- posterior sacrum, ilium and spinous process
insertion- spinous processes, transverse processes and ribs
action- erect spine
supply- dorsal rami of spinal nerves and lumbar and intercostal vessels

37
Q

splenius capitis and cervicis

A

orgin- nuchal ligament and upper spinous processes
insertion (capitis)- occipital bone and mastoid process
insertion (cervicis)- upper cervical transverse process
action- extend and laterally rotate neck
supply- dorsal rami of spinal nerves and deep cervical vessels

38
Q

semispinalis capitis and cervicis O, I, A, S

A

orgin- upper thoracic transverse process
insertion (cap)- occipital bone between nuchal lines
insertion (cerv)- upper cervical spines
action- extend head and neck
supply- dorsal rami of spinal nerve and deep cervical vessels

39
Q

multifidus O, I, A, S

A

orgin- sacrum and lower transverse processes
insertion- spinous processes
action- laterally flexes and rotates spine
supply- dorsal rami of spinal nerves and lumbar vessels

40
Q

rotatores O, I, A, S

A

orgin- transverse processes
insertion- spinous processes
action- rotate spine
supply- dorsal rami of spinal nerves and intercostal vessels

41
Q

interspinalis muscle

A

between spinous processes,

minor extensions of spine

42
Q

intertransversarius

A

between transverse processes

minor lateral flexion of spine

43
Q

levator costarum

A

from transverse processes to ribs

minor elevations of ribs