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Anatomy Test 4 > embryo 1 > Flashcards

embryo 1 Flashcards

1
Q

week 4 develops what

A

5 facial primorida

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2
Q

what are the 5 facial primorida

A

frontonasal prominence- 1
maxillary prominences -2
mandibular prominences- 2

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3
Q

Prominences form due to what

A

proliferation of neural crest

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4
Q

neural crest cells from what make up the maxillary and mandiublar prominences

A

1st pharyngeal arch

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5
Q

neural crest cells from what make up frontonasal prominances

A

midbrain and rostal hindbrain

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6
Q

most facial structures develop when

A

weeks 4-8

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7
Q

1st ossification center in skull appears when

A

month 3

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8
Q

end of 4th week: 2 ectodermal thickenings develop within frontonasal prominence form what

A

the nasal placodes

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9
Q

Mesenchyme surrounding the placodes proliferates, forming elevations forming what

A

Medial nasal prominences (2)

Lateral nasal prominences (2)

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10
Q

Epithelium of nasal placodes sinks down into underlying mesenchyme to form depressions forming what

A

nasal pits (the future nostrils (nares))

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11
Q

Both nasal pits deepen and expand dorsally into turning into _______, which will form the right and left nasal cavities

A

nasal sacs

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12
Q

Nasal cavities are separated from oral cavity by ________, which ruptures at end of _______ . Nasal & oral cavities now in communication through primordial _______

A

oronasal membrane, week 6, choanae

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13
Q

With development of _______, we have the definitive choanae separating nasal cavities from nasopharynx

A

secondary palate

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14
Q

Roof of nasal cavity is invaded by specialized cells that grow out of forebrain (neuroectoderm) to form what?

A

olfactory epithelium

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15
Q

Mandibular prominences fuse at midline first; lower jaw & lower lip form before or after upper jaw?

A

before

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16
Q

At first, a cleft exists between the lateral nasal prominences and the maxillary prominences: the what?

A

nasolacrimal groove

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17
Q

When the medial nasal prominences fuse (early in 6th week), they form the ________

A

intermaxillary segment:

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18
Q

intermaxillary segment cossets of what 3 things

A

-Philtrum of upper lip (labial component)
-Premaxillary part of maxilla (upper jaw component) – 4 incisors &
associated gingiva
-Primary palate (palatal component; the 1° palate is only the most anterior portion of the hard palate)

19
Q

the remainder of the hard palate + the soft palate (+ uvula) is called what

A

Secondary palate =

20
Q

Week 6: Two plates of mesenchyme –__________ – extend medially from the maxillary prominences

A

lateral palatine processes

21
Q

_________ marks where secondary palate fuses with primary palate; used to indicate anterior & posterior palatal defects

A

incisive foramen

22
Q

_________ marks where lateral palatine processes fused together

A

Median palatine raphe

23
Q

Primary palate and anterior portion of secondary palate will ossify forming the bony _______

A

hard palate

24
Q

Posterior-most portion of the secondary palate does not ossify – extends posteriorly to _________

A

form the soft palate & uvula

25
Q

Formation of the palate takes place weeks

A

6-12

26
Q

Primary palate forms from fusion of what

A

medial nasal prominences

27
Q

Secondary palate forms from what

A

fusion of two lateral palatine processes (medial extensions of maxillary prominences)

28
Q

cleft lip is what

A

An anterior palatal defect caused by failure of medial nasal prominences to fuse with maxillary prominences on one or both sides

29
Q

cleft palate

A

A posterior palatal defect caused by failure of lateral palatine processes to fuse

30
Q

which part of ear is first to develop

A

inner ear

31
Q

Develops as a bilateral thickening in surface ectoderm at the level of the caudal
hindbrain called what

A

otic placodes (2)

32
Q

Ectoderm invaginates in each placode, forming an _______, the edges of which pinch off to form an _______ that separates from surface ectoderm  will become the _________ for each ear

A

otic pit, otic vesicle, membranous labyrinth

33
Q

Diverticulum extends from otic vesicle to form the _________

A

endolymphatic duct & sac

34
Q

Otic vesicle can be divided into two regions:

A 
Utricular region (dorsal)  utricle + semicircular ducts
Saccular region (ventral)  saccule + cochlear ducts
35
Q

The cochlear duct grows out as extension from ________ and coils to form the membranous cochlea

A

saccular region

36
Q

Cells in walls of coiled duct form the _______

A

spiral organ of Corti

37
Q

Cell bodies of CN VIII migrate along coils of cochlear duct and form the ________

A

spiral ganglion

38
Q

Vacuoles develop in cartilage surrounding the cochlear duct and unite to form the ________ (two divisions: __________ __________, both filled with perilymph

A

perilymphatic space, scala vestbuli and scala tympani

39
Q

_______ surrounding cochlear duct ossifies to form the bony labyrinth encasing the inner ear structures

A

Cartilage

40
Q

middle ear…1st pharyngeal pouch expands as the __________ and gives rise to the pharyngotympanic (Eustachian) tube, tympanic cavity, mastoid antrum, & endoderm of tympanic membrane

A

tubotympanic recess

41
Q

middle ear: 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arches form the _______

A

auditory ossicles

42
Q

1st pharyngeal groove forms the _______

A

external acoustic meatus

43
Q

Surface ectoderm invaginates with 1st pharyngeal groove and meets endoderm extension of 1st pharyngeal pouch to form 1st pharyngeal membrane forming what

A

= tympanic membrane

44
Q

external ear Develops from what?

A

auricular hillocks:

Anatomy Test 4 (11 decks)

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