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CMS Luigi > USA > Flashcards

USA Flashcards

1
Q

Bonded / un-bonded wineries

A

Bonded: licenced by the Trade & Tax bureau

un-bonded: “virtual wineries” = wine producing individual or companies without a physical winery premises

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2
Q

Major wine states in USA

A

California
Oregon
Washington state
New York State

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3
Q

AVA

A

American viticoltore area

Classification published in 1978

First AVA: Augusta Missouri 1980

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4
Q

Main varieties in USA

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Chardonnay
Merlot
Pinot noir
Sauvignon Blanc
Zinfandel

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5
Q

Meritage

A

Premium blend in which no grape accounts for more than 90% (must be Bordeaux blend)

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6
Q

5 large AVA of California

A

North coast
Central coast
South coast
San Francisco Bay
Sierra foothills

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7
Q

Napa valley location and vineyards

A

From south of Napa town to north of Calistoga

Vineyards in the slopes of Mayacamas mountain range (west) and Vaca mountain range (east) and valley floor

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8
Q

Napa valley climate

A

Different microclimate between valley floor and slopes

VALLEY FLOOR: Morning fog covers the valley floor, gradually burning up as the day progresses
Going north = less maritime influence / less fog / higher temp + more sunshine hours

HILLSIDES: above the fog line / longer sunshine hours / lower a stage temperature due to altitude / warmer daytime temp & lower nighttime temp

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9
Q

Difference between wine from valley floor and hillsides

A

Mountain wine: more concentrated

Valley floor: more elegant (deeper topsoil)

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10
Q

16 sub-appellation in Napa County:

A
  • Los carneros(coolest due to proximity to San Pablo bay)
  • coombsville
  • wild horse valley
  • Mount Veeder
  • spring mountain district
  • yountville
  • oakville
  • st Helena
  • diamond Mountain
  • atlas peak
  • chiles valley
  • Howell mountain ( wettest, coldest)
  • oak knoll
  • stag leap district
  • Rutherford
  • calistoga ( warmer, cab sav + Zinfandel)
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11
Q

Sonoma county location

A

West of Napa valley / 6 times larger than Napa

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12
Q

Los carneros

A

Shared between Napa and Sonoma / coolest climate due to proximity to San Pablo Bay

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13
Q

Sonoma county climate

A

Sonoma coast & Russian river valley greatly influenced by fog and cooler temperatures from Pacific Ocean

Further inland and to the north : less maritime influence + more sunshine hours

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14
Q

2 regional AVA in Sonoma County

A

Sonoma coast
Northern Sonoma

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15
Q

Main varieties in Sonoma

A

Zinfandel
Cab sav
Bordeaux blends
Merlot
Pinot noir
Chardonnay
Sav blanc

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16
Q

Sub-appellation of Sonoma county

A

Los Carneros
Rockpile
Sonoma valley
Sonoma mountain
Fort-Ross seaview
Bennet valley
knights valley
Petaluma Gap
Russian river valley
Green valley (R.R. Valley)
Solano Green Valley
Alexander valley
Chalk hill
Dry creek valley
Pine-mountain - Cloverdale peak
Moon mountain district
Fountains grove district

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17
Q

Mendocino county

A

North of Sonoma
Main varieties: Pinot noir / Zinfandel

18
Q

Central valley

A

Extensive area / produces 75% of USA wine / mainly bulk and table wine

Rely on irrigation

Divided in : Sacramento valley (north)
San Joaquin valley (south)

Lodi AVA : only AVA of any note

19
Q

Central coast location

A

From Oakland / San Francisco to north of LA

20
Q

Monterey County AVAs and main varieties

A

Chardonnay most planted / excellent Pinot noir

Arroyo seco
Carmel Valley
Chalone
Hames valley
Sant Antonio valley
San Bernabe
San Lucas

21
Q

Santa Barbara county

A

Has the longest growing season in California due to east-west mountain formation = gaps for cool breezes and cold fog (area suitable for Chard & Pinot Noir)

Further inland = hotter = Bordeaux varietals, Syrah , Rhone varietals

22
Q

2 main AVA’s in Santa Barbara County

A

Santa Rita valley (north)

Santa Ynez Valley (south):
Santa Rita’s Hill
Ballard Canyon
Los Olivos District
Happy Canyon of Santa Barbara

23
Q

Paso Robles

A

Giant appellation divided in 11 AVA’s in 2014

Templeton gap= cool maritime air funnelled in

West of salinas river = cooler + limestone and calcareous soils

East of Salinas = warmer + sandier soils

Main varieties : Zinfandel + cab Sauvignon

24
Q

Oregon location

A

On the pacific coast, between California and Washington state

25
Q

Climate of Oregon

A

Maritime climate / rain shadow from Cascade Mountains

Dry summer months / most rainfall in fall

Irrigation is the norm / sustainable viticolture and organic farming commonly practiced

26
Q

Main varieties in Oregon

A

Pinot noir
Pinot gris
Riesling
Syrah
Chardonnay
Viognier

South (warmer) :
Cab sav
Cab franc
Merlot
Gewürztraminer
Chardonnay

27
Q

Main producers in Oregon

A

Domaine Serene
Eyrie Vineyard
Cristom
Domaine Drouhin

28
Q

% to be labelled varietally in Oregon

A

Min 90%

Min 75% for Bordeaux, Sangiovese, Syrah, Tannat, Tempranillo, Zinfandel

If origin is stated, must be 95% for Chardonnay / 90% for Riesling

29
Q

Main producing area in Oregon

A

Willamette valley / between Coastal Range and Cascade Mountains

30
Q

Willamette Valley main varietals

A

Pinot noir ( cross between Russian river valley and Burgundy)

Pinot Gris

Chardonnay

31
Q

Walla Walla valley

A

Divided between Oregon and Washington state

Acidification is common / chaptalizatio. Is legal

Partial whole cluster fermentation for Pinot noir is used

11-18 months maturation in French Oak

32
Q

Washington state location

A

Between 46 and 48 latitude

Abundant sunshine

33
Q

Main AVA in Washington

A

Columbia Valley AVA accounts for the majority of the production

Main variety is Cab Sav and Merlot

34
Q

Walla Walla AVA

A

Continental climate

Large diurnal shift

Prone to frost in spring

Cab Sav most planted + Syrah, Merlot, Cab Franc, Malbec

35
Q

Yakima Valley

A

Washington first AVA (1983)

High elevation vineyards (250-900m)

Merlot most planted + Riesling , cab sav

36
Q

Puget Sound

A

North west of Washington state
Close to ocean = maritime climate with dry summers and wet winters

Main varietals : Madeleine Angevive , Siegerebbe, Muller Thurgau , Pinot Gris , Pinot Noir

37
Q

San Francisco Bay Area AVA’s & Sub-appellations

A

Contra Costa
Santa Clara
Santa Cruz
————————–
Sub-appellations:
-Santa Cruz Mountains
Santa Clara Valley
Ben Lomond Mountain
Pacheco Pass
San Ysidro
Livermore Valley

38
Q

Smallest Ava in California

A

Cole ranch - Anderson valley

39
Q

Anderson valley Ava

A

Mendocino

40
Q

Applegate ava

A

Oregon / south west

41
Q

Dundee hills Ava

A

Willamette valley - Oregon

42
Q

Willamette Valley soils

A

Jory

CMS Luigi (33 decks)

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