Enzymes - Module 2 Flashcards
What type of protein are enzymes?
Globular protein
What is activation energy?
Energy require for a reaction to occur
What is the lock and key hypothesis?
That a specific active site will only fit a specific substrate
What is the induced fit hypothesis?
That active site of an enzyme will slightly change shape as substrate enters and lowering activation energy as substrate molecule has strain put on it as it fits into the active site
Describe the digestion of starch?
- Starch is broken down into maltose by amylase
- Maltose is broken into glucose by maltase
- Glucose is absorbed in digestive lining
What is the role of enzyme trypsin?
It is a protease -
To break down proteins to amino acids
What are enzymes adapted to cold environments like?
Have more flexible structures and are therefore less stable
What are enzymes in hot environments like?
Are more stables as they have an increased number of bonds in tertiary structure
Describe competitive inhibition
When competitive inhibitors have the similar shape to substrate and block active sites preventing substrates from bonding
Effects are temporary and reversible
Describe non competitive inhibition
Inhibitor will bind to allosteric site and change tertiary structure of enzyme so the active site will change shape
What is end product inhibition?
A negative feedback loop that occurs when a product of a reaction acts as an inhibitor for the enzyme that uses it
Why is end product inhibition important?
So that excess products are not made and wasted
What is a cofactor?
Inorganic molecules obtained in the diet (minerals) that helps enzymes carry out their function
What is a coenzyme?
An organic cofactor (derived from vitaminds)
What is a prosthetic group?
A tightly bound permanent feature of a molecule acting as a cofactor
