Lesson 6- Urban resurgence

Question 1

Urban resergence

Answer 1

Refers to regeneration, both economic and structural of an urban area which has suffered a period of decline

seen a lot in recent years as redevelopment schemes make cities more attractive
-can be considered as a solution to the negative impacts associated with urban decline

Question 2

Resurgence in the UK

Answer 2

In former industrial cities of the UK which suffered from manufacturing decline in the 70’s and 80’s
* London, Birmingham, Manchester, Sheffield and Leeds have bouced back from deindustrialisation in late twentieth century

Question 3

Resergence in the US

Answer 3

• New York, Boston and LA
• Second half of twentieth century saw a large population decline as families moved to the suburbs and there was also a loss of manufacturing and retail buisiness were in decline
• 90’s saw resergence/ sustained national growth

Question 4

How does resergence change the landscape of cities?

Answer 4

• Manchester-large loss in social housing to vertical flats, loss of community
• Areas may still have old industrial architecture but have been converted into housing or commercial use and modern infrastructure

Question 5

What causes urban resergence?

Answer 5

• Often driven intentionally by government led regeneration schemes
• Redevelopment by private companies

Question 6

Environmental impacts of urban resergence

Answer 6

• When resergence occurs, land is often cleared of pollution, improving the environment
• Increased air pollution is an issue, with the environment becoming worse due to more transport and industry
• Urban dereliction is reduced

Question 7

Economic impacts of urban resergence

Answer 7

• Has a positive multiplyer effect
• Gentrification occurs and prices out current residents
• Jobs created are mostly tertiary sector jobs, workers in manufacturing industry lack transferable skills

Question 8

Social impacts of urban resergence

Answer 8

• Greater pressure is put on the urban infrastruacture with transport and energy due to increased demand
• Pressure on services, schools, hospitals
• Potential economic inequality

Question 9

What are greenfield sites?

Answer 9

• Areas of land that have not been previously built on
  -easier to build on
  -cleaner and uncongested
  -open space and and nice surrounding

Question 10

Brownfield sites

Answer 10

• areas of land that have been previously built on
  -cheaper
  -good opportunity to redevelop urban areas>tackles dereliction
  -more sustainable

Question 11

CASE STUDY OF URBAN RESERGENCE- London 2012 Olympics, East London

Answer 11

• Attracts 6 million visitors a year
• Tens of thousands of new jobs
• Opened up ex-industrial land
• Schooling provision
• Cultural institutiuons in construction
• New homes-affordable

Question 12

Weaknesses of the Olympic Park regeneration?

Answer 12

• Upkeep of pay from ticket sales proven hollow, couldve been more useful to subsidise things
• Large sums of investment didnt guarentee long-term regeration