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history > Renaissance > Flashcards

Renaissance Flashcards

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1
Q

Subject Matter

A

What the painting represent; Judeo-Christian; Classical; Everyday Life

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2
Q

Judeo-Christian

A

Religious Art; Catholic Church was the greatest sponsor of art in the Middle Ages; Pride of being a part of a religion rather than in power; Madonna; Pieta

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3
Q

Madonna

A

Mary and baby Jesus; Judeo-Christian

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4
Q

Pieta

A

Mary and dead Jesus; Judeo-Christian

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5
Q

Classical

A

Greek / Roman Gods; Julius Caesar, Zeus, etc; Great revival of Greco-Roman mythology, history, philosophy

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6
Q

Everyday Life

A

Self - Portraits of ordinary people; Northern Renaissance: Ordinary humans doing ordinary things; Village life

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7
Q

Style

A

How the art looks; Realism; Idealism; Mannerism

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8
Q

Realism

A

Making things looks real as if they exist in real life

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9
Q

Idealism

A

Making things as perfect as it could be; Making things look far superior than it actually looks in real life; Inner beauty / calmness; God as people

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10
Q

Mannerism

A

Sense of drama; Doesn’t look like anything; Form, color, and shape are a mess; Exaggerated proportions - Unusual; Artists can demonstrate tension and go rogue

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11
Q

Technique

A

What trick artists use to create illusion; Single Point Perspective; Chiaroscuro; Sfumato

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12
Q

Single point Perspective

A

Vanishing point - everything goes into 1 point; Size

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13
Q

Chiaroscuro

A

Shading; Shading to get illusion of depth (light and dark); Suggest location of the sun

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14
Q

Sfumato

A

(Distant) smokiness / haziness; Mastered by Leonardo da Vinci (copied by everyone else); Focus on other parts

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15
Q

Petrach

A

Founder of Humanism; Most famous Poet until S; Humanized thought; Civic activist; Wrote love / romantic poems; Inspiration from Greeks and Romans; Pursuit of Knowledge / Rationalism; Thinker of knowledge; Improving societies, education, government, and quality of life; Promoted education for everyone (study of literature and classics)

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16
Q

Erasmus of Rotterdam

A

Leading Christian humanist; 1st person to criticize the Catholic Church / religious texts; Freeing people from the tyranny of the dominance in the Church; Wrote “In Praise of Folly” - Questioning the logic of the Catholic Church

17
Q

Castiglione

A

The Courtier; Ideal man of noble birth, serves and brings honor to the prince; Guide / Handbook on Manners on Secularism; How to fit in with the wealthy and well educated; Promotes education and proper behavior; Most famous book of the Renaissance

18
Q

Chaucer

A

Father of English; Individualism; The Canterbury Tales - Group of Pilgrims; Written in Vernacular

19
Q

Vernacular

A

The common language of the people

20
Q

Dante

A

Father of Italy; The Divine Comedy; Starts Vernacular; Afterlife: Hell, Heaven, Purgatory (in-between / Heaven’s waiting room); Individualism - main protag / hero

21
Q

Machiavelli

A

Creator of political science; The Prince; Successful rulers are successful bc they understand human nature and God has nothing to do with it; Leaders need to do whatever they can to ensure the security and happiness of their people; “The end justifies the means”; Leaders need to be feared but not hated

22
Q

Lorenzo de Medici

A

Patron of art; Medici Bank cleared debts of many people and in return people owned them many favors; Uses art to legitimize his influence

23
Q

Giotto

A

Most influential in transitional painting; Humanized paintings; Observed from life
forming 3D world with human beings; Deep emotion; Express patrons of religions

24
Q

Botticelli

A

Rejects ideas of being scientific and realistic; Classical + Judeo-Christian; Combination of Christian faith and ancient mythology; Figures are less human or material - Some are symbols; Classical subject of goddesses; Dreamy / Fantasy

25
Q

Leonardo da Vinci

A

Perfect Hands; Groups of figures perfectly balanced in a given space (with architecture); Proportions in drawings; Deep psychological insight of human nature; Mystery of human existence; Last Supper; Mona Lisa;

26
Q

Michelangelo

A

Greatest Sculptor of the Renaissance; Depict God (1st time); Physical form isn’t what’s important, it’s the spirit of a Christian; Influenced by greek, plato; Glorification of human body (male nude); Sistine Chapel; 1st Pieta; Buff David; Dome

27
Q

Raphael

A

Master of perfect design and balance composition; Absorbed styles of Leo and Mich.; Humanistic -
Humans are portrayed closer to God; Madonna; Downward eyes; School of Athens

28
Q

Donatello

A

Free-standing statues based on human anatomy; 1st Bronze nude (boy David)

29
Q

Sophonisba Angoissola

A

Female artist; Painted mostly in homes; Very well-drawn hands; Lots of details in clothing; Actions in paintings

30
Q

Artemisia Gentileschi

A

Female artist; Physically powerful

31
Q

Peter Bruegel

A

Everyday life in ordinary villages

32
Q

Brunelleschi

A

1st dome(of St.Peters) built since Roman times; 1st time columns used since Ancient Rome

33
Q

Massaccio

A

Fixed / completed perspective; Studied anatomical naturalism of the human flesh and bone; Model figures in light and shade (Chiaroscuro); 1st person to paint nude figures

34
Q

Titian

A

1st artist to become rich; Women models; Religion - mythology; Portraits of upper class; Classical - Zeus seducing people;

35
Q

Northern Renaissance

A

Same ideas as in Italy; Scholars embraced classical literature and values, asked same questions; People turned from being superstitious to scientific; Men gained a new sense of self and ability; Escape from the dissatisfaction and skepticism in religious and political struggles of the Middle Ages; Art: Everyday Life Scenes

history (26 decks)

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