Respiration and metabolism + excersise Flashcards
what is respiration the process of
transferring energy from the breakdown of glucose (sugar) which goes on in every cell
respiration is e…..thermic
exothermic
-it transfers energy to the environment
By using 3examples explain how organisms use the energy transferred by respiration
-to build up larger molecules from smaller ones (e.g proteins from amino acids)
-allows animals muscles to contract so they can move
-in mammals/birds the energys used to keepe their body temperature steady
what is metabolism
the chemical reactions in an organism
state a reaction of large molecules being made from smaller ones
small glucose molecules are joined together to form starch, glycogen and cellulose
state a reaction wheere larger molecules are borken into smaller ones
-glucose is broken down in respiration
muscles need energy from respiration to
contract
what does the increase of respiration of cells cause
you need more oxygen to get to them
state what happens when you excersise
-muscles need energy from respiration to contract. and when exercising, muscles contract more frequently, needing more energy: INCREASED RESPIRATION
- breathing rate and breath volume increase to get oxygen in your blood and the heart rate increases, to move oxygenated blood around quicker
-this process removes CO2 more quickly
-
state what happens when sprinting
-your body can’t supply oxygen to your muscles quick enough so they respire ANAEROBICALLY
-this is NOT the best way to transfer energy from glucose because lactic acid builds up in muscles
what happens in long periods of excersise
this causes muscle fatigue
-this is where muscles get tired and stop contracting efficiently
what is an oxygen debt and when do you have it
-after resorting to anaerobic respiration when you stop excersing youll have it
-its the amount of extra oxygen your body needs to react with the build up of lactic acid and remove it from your cells
what does oxygen reacting with lactic acid form
harmless CO2 and water
in what organ is lactic acid converted back to glucose
in the liver
which organ is responsible for removing lactic acid from the bloodstream
the liver
