Homeostasis and the nervous system Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the role of a receptor

A

to detect a stimulus

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2
Q

why does the body need to maintain optimal conditions

A

for optimal enzyme action and cell function

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3
Q

what’s the difference between internal conditions and external conditions

A

internal- refers to conditions inside the body e.g body temp

external- refers to conditions outside the body e.g room temp

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4
Q

what is the role of a coordination centre

A

receives and processes the information from receptors then organises a response

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5
Q

what is the role of an effector

A

detect stimuli (changes in the environment)

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6
Q

what is a homeostasis

A

the regulation of conditions inside the body to maintain a stable and internal environment,
- in response to changes in both internal and external conditions

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7
Q

name the homeostatic control mechanisms

A

-receptors
-coordination
-effectors

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8
Q

what are the 2types of effectors and what do they do when stimulated

A

muscles- contract
glands- release hormones

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9
Q

what is negative feedback

A

a mechanism that restores a level back to optimum in a system

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10
Q

what are the key differences between the nervous system and the endocrine system

A

endocrine-

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11
Q

Name 2 internal conditions

A

-blood glucose concentration
-blood pH

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12
Q

Name 2 external conditions

A

-room temp
-amount of fluid you drink

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13
Q

Homeostasis relies on automatic control systems.

In what order are signals passed along the control system?

A

receptor➔ coordination centre ➔ effector

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14
Q

where are the coordination centres located in the body

A

-spinal cord
-brain

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15
Q

what passes along nerve cells

A

electrical impulses

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15
Q

homeostatis relies on …..

A

negative feedback
for when the levels of something get too high theyre brought back down, and when something get too low theyre brought back up

15
Q

If our body temperature gets too high, negative feedback will cause our temperature to

A

decrease back down

15
Q

what is the purpose of the nervous system

A

to detect changes in the environment (stimuli) and to coordinate responses

15
Q

Name 4 different parts of a nervous system

A

-Central Nervous System
-Sensory neurones
-motor neurones
-effectors

16
Q

what is the Central Nervous System composed of

A

-brain
-spinal cord
connected to the body by sensory and motor neurones

17
Q

what is the gap between two neurone called

A

synapse

18
Q

whats released across a synapse

A

chemicals

19
Q

what is the sensory neurone

A

-the neurones that carry information as electrical impulses from the receptors to the CNS

20
Q

whats a motor neurone

A

-neurones that carry electrical impulses from the CNS to effectors

21
Q

what are 2 receptors

A

-taste on the tongue
-sound in the ears

22
Q

what does the central nervous system do

A

it receives infomation from the receptors and then coordinates a response

23
Q

What does Homeostasis control?

A

-Blood glucose concentration
-body temperature
-water levels.

24
Q

reflex actions control what

A

everyday bodily functions
e.g breathing and digestion

25
Q

state the reflex pathway

A

stimulus—- receptor—– sensory neurone—– relay neurone—- motor neurone—- effector—- response

26
Q

What are reflexes?

A

Automatic and rapid reactions which don’t involve conscious parts of the brain. Involve sensory, relay and motor neurones. Control breathing, digestion, avoiding danger

27
Q

What is the endocrine system?

A

Glands that secrete chemicals called hormones directly into the bloodstream. Blood carries the hormone to a target organ where it produces an effect. Slower but longer lasting

28
Q

What is the pituitary gland?

A

Master gland which secretes several hormones into the blood.