2 | Chapter 9: Philippine Forest Tree

Question 1

_____ Change in an Ecosystem

_____ Natural, gradual changes in the types of species that live in an area; can be ____ or _____

The gradual replacement of one plant community by another through natural processes over time

Answer 1

Ecological Succession

Succession
Primary or Secondary

Question 2

_____ the gradual growth of an ecosystem in an area lacking soil over a long period of time
Often takes several hundred to a few thousand years

____ Occurs when a plant community has been destroyed without severe disturbance to the soil. Typically much faster but not always

Answer 2

Primary

Secondary

Question 3

Areas where primary succession can occur: (3)
Place without any soil

Answer 3

Sides of volcanoes
Landslides
Flooding

Question 4

Primary Successions:

Starts with the arrival of living things such as ___ that do not need soil, they are called ____. They help break down rocks into smaller pieces and introduce organic matter at death.

Simple plants like ___ and ___ can grow in the new soil, adding more organic material to the soil.

The ____ thichkens. Grasses, wildflowers, other plants, and small animals begin to take over. Once those die, shrubs, trees, and larger animals can now survive in the area.

Answer 4

lichens
pioneer species

Mosses
Ferns

Soil layer

Question 5

Terrestrial primary succession in Boreal Forest Biome

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Answer 5

Exposed rocks colonized by lichens
Small Herbs and Shrubs
Heath mat
Pine, Spruce and Aspen
Climax Community (Balsam fir, paper birch, white spruce)

Question 6

______
- loudes explosion (noise) ever on earth
- The ashes lingered for 9 years
- Killed more than 36, 000 people
- Created tsunami 120 ft high
- Nothing was left on the island

Answer 6

Krakatoa
1883

Question 7

Secondary Successions (5):

Is initiated by an event like a forest fire, hurricane, or harvesting a crop

The already-established ecosystem is reduced or drastically changed on preexisting soil.

Answer 7

1. Herbs, Grasses
2. Perennial plants / grasses
3. Shrubs, Woody Pioneers
4. Short Lived Pioneer Trees
5. Mature Forest

Question 8

______
- White lauan
- Shorea is a genus of about 106 species of mainly rainforest trees. The genus is named after Sir _____, the governer-general of the British East India Company, 1793-1798

Answer 8

Shorea contorta S. Vidal

John Shore

Question 9

______
- Red lauan
- Is one of the Philippine dark-red mahogany group species, and it’s the true red lauan. Its conservation status is classified by IUCN as vulnerable, and threatened according to DAO 2017- 11

Philippine Endemic

Answer 9

Shorea negrosensis Foxw.

Question 10

_____
Trees in this genus are commonly known as the stone oaks

Answer 10

Lithocarpus spp.

Question 11

_____

genus of about 900 species of trees, shrubs, and vines in the family Moraceae many of which are commonly known as figs.

Answer 11

Ficus spp.

Question 12

_____
-anabiong

Answer 12

Trema orientalis Blume

Question 13

_____
-alingatong

Answer 13

Dendrocnide meyeniana

Question 14

_____
- kapa-kapa
- Philippine endemic
- Critically - endangered

Answer 14

Medinilla magnifica

Question 15

_____
- Alim
- Pioneer tree

Answer 15

Melanolepsis multiglandulosa (Reinw. ex Blume) Reichb. & Zoll.