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addictions exam > Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders > Flashcards

Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Substance-induced Disorder

A

Any long-lasting, enduring, or continual side effect of drugs

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2
Q

Gambling Disorder

A

In the DSM-5, behavioral addiction that affects the brain’s reward system similarly to substance abuse.

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3
Q

How long does an individual need to have displayed a problematic pattern of drug use to consider diagnosing a SUD?

A

At least 12 months, with at least 2 of 11 symptoms.

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4
Q

Early Remission

A

Two days to one year

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5
Q

Sustained Remission

A

After one year

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6
Q

Full remission

A

No symptoms are present after ninety days.

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7
Q

Partial remission

A

Some symptoms return.

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8
Q

Alcohol

A

Ethyl alcohol, common tranquilizer that depresses the CNS,.

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9
Q

Alcohol Intoxication

A

Psychological and maladaptive behaviors (inappropriate aggressive and sexual behaviors, mood lability, talkativeness, slurred speech, loss of coordination, etc.)

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10
Q

Alcohol Withdrawal

A

Quitting or reducing extreme and long-lasting alcohol use causing an agitated state of autonomic hyperactivity, psychomotor agitation, hand tremors, insomnia, depression, grand Mal seizures, nausea, seizures, hallucinations, illusions, and anxiety.

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11
Q

Delirium Tremens

A

Vibrant hallucinations, delusions, autonomic hyperactivity, and agitation

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12
Q

Korsakoff’s syndrome

A

Thiamine deficiency damaging to the thalamus that causes deficits in recent memories, disorientation, lack of insight, retrograde amnesia, and confabulation.

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13
Q

Alcoholism

A

Ingestion of alcoholic beverages to the point of causing unceasing damage to the drinker in social, physical, mental, and economic areas.

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14
Q

Co-Alcoholics

A

Adults who have a degree of choice when adapting to their dependent spouse.

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15
Q

Para-Alcoholics

A

Children of alcoholics who inherit their parents’ habits and propensities towards alcoholism.

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16
Q

Behavioral Responses of Co-Alcoholics

A
  1. Grandiosity
  2. Managing and controlling others
  3. Denial
  4. Blame and projection
  5. Lying
  6. Depression
  7. Flattened Affect (Suppression)
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17
Q

Behaviors and Attitudes of Para-Alcoholics

A
  1. Grandiosity
  2. Managing and Controlling others (take over duties of parents)
  3. Lack of trust
  4. Denial
  5. Blame and Projection
  6. Lying
  7. Depression
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18
Q

4 Stages for Individuals Recovering from Dependency

A
  1. The call for help
  2. Discovery
  3. Awareness
  4. Recovery Stages
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19
Q

Alcohol Intoxication

A

Organic mental disorder, individual shows signs of maladaptive behavior with characteristic symptoms such as slurred speech and uneven walking.

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20
Q

Alcohol Idiosyncratic Intoxication

A

Maladaptive behavior changes result from an amount of alcohol use that in the majority of people will not intoxicate.

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21
Q

Uncomplicated Alcohol Withdrawal

A

5-7 days. Heavy consumption of alcohol is ended or decreased, causing hand tremors, tongue tremors, and eyelid tremors. User must experience one of the following: nausea, vomiting, weakness, autonomic hyperactivity, anxiety, depressed mood, irritability, transient hallucinations, illusions, headaches, or insomnia.

22
Q

Stimulant Withdrawal Syndrome

A

Severe and long-time user stops use of a stimulant and experiences strong symptoms.

23
Q

Anhedonic Craving

A

A craving because of boredom and wish for a high

24
Q

Conditioned Craving

A

A craving due to environmental reminders of pleasure derived from stimulant use.

25
Q

3 Levels of Stimulant Withdrawal Syndrome

A
  1. Initial extreme crash
  2. Euthymia (relaxed and experiences few cravings)
  3. Irregular Conditioned Craving (cravings reduce, although sometimes they can last for months or years.)
26
Q

How much caffeine is in one cup of coffee?

A

100 - 150 mg

27
Q

How much caffeine does it take for Caffeine Intoxication to occur?

A

250 mg

28
Q

How many mg of caffeine a day does it take to produce caffeine dependence?

A

350 mg

29
Q

Cannabis Withdrawal

A

Follows the end of heavy, chronic use of cannabis. Within one week of cessation at least 3 of the following symptoms must be present: irritability, anxiousness, sleep disturbances, weight or appetite loss, depressed mood, physical manifestation.

30
Q

In order to have Cannabis Withdrawal…

A

The individual must also have Cannabis Use Disorder at the moderate or severe level.

31
Q

Hallucinogenic Drugs

A

Produce altered sensations, perceptions, thoughts, and emotions.

32
Q

Hallucinogen Intoxication

A

Causes stimulation effects such as tachycardia, pupillary dilation, tremors, and illusions and hallucinations.

33
Q

Hallucinogen-Persisting Disorder

A

Flashbacks of prior hallucinations

34
Q

What is a common result of using MDMA?

A

Hyperthermia (overheating.O

35
Q

Can psychoactive chemicals in hallucinogens produce withdrawal?

A

They can produce tolerance, but NEVER withdrawal.

36
Q

Angel Dust

A

A hallucination smoked in combo with tobacco and marijuana.

37
Q

Inhalants

A

Substances that produce gases and vapors that are inhaled to achieve euphoria or other intoxicating effects.

38
Q

Volatile Solvents

A

Chemical products like paint thinner, model airplane cement, or other inhaled substances.

39
Q

How does nicotine work?

A

Goes into the bloodstream > fires up adrenal glands > they discharge epinephrine > leading to stimulation of the CNS > increase blood pressure/respiration/HR > release of glucose into blood> hold back insulin output >chronic elevated levels of blood sugar > increase of Dopamine.

40
Q

Narcotic Analgesics

A

Used by medical professionals to help clients relax and become sedated or to control severe pain (opium, morphine, codeine, heroin, Percodan, Demerol, and methadone.)

41
Q

Opiate Overdose

A

Decrease in pulse, convulsions, coma, or death.

42
Q

Methadone

A

A synthetic opiate used to obstruct the effects of heroin for 24 hours

43
Q

LAAM

A

Levomethadyl acetate, a synthetic opiate used to obstruct the effects of opiates for as many as seventy two hours

44
Q

Naloxone

A

Treats heroin overdose

45
Q

Naltrexone

A

Used to inhibit morphine, heroin, and other opiate effects. Opiate blocker med. 3x a week or intravenously 1x per month. Individuals must first be detoxified from opiates.

46
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

Relieves anxiety, Valium, Halcion, Xanax, Ativan, Klonopin (think AM’s)

47
Q

Barbiturates

A

Function by interrupting impulses to reticular activating system, highly addictive, tolerance and severe withdrawal, can lead to coma. (think AL’s)

48
Q

Propranolol

A

A beta blocker used to cure hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, migraines, and essential tremors.

49
Q

Anabolic Steroids

A

Psychoactive male hormones used to increase the mass of muscles and all are listed on the Controlled Substances Schedule III. (think SONE’S)

50
Q

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

A

Compound used to counteract anabolic steroids by restarting the body’s testosterone.

51
Q

Diagnosis of a Gambling Disorder

A

At least 4 of the following:
1. Preoccupation with gambling or planning to gamble
2. Increased monetary investment
3. Unsuccessful efforts to control gambling
4. Using gambling to escape problems
5. Chasing losses with more gambling
6. Lying to others
7. Committing illegal acts to fund gambling
8. Risking a relationship, job, career, or educational opportunity
9. Relying on others to relieve desperate financial situations caused by gambling.

addictions exam (12 decks)

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