Lecture 23 - MC

Question 1

What does the First Law of Thermodynamics state about energy in the human body?
A) Energy can be created and destroyed freely.
B) Energy can only be neither created nor destroyed, only transformed.
C) The human body does not transform energy.
D) Energy in the human body is destroyed after it is used.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

A food calorie (cal) is equivalent to:
A) The energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C.
B) The energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water by 1°C.
C) The energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water from 15 to 16 degrees Celsius.
D) The energy needed to increase the temperature of 100 grams of water by 1°C.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Metabolizable energy refers to:
A) The total energy content of the food consumed.
B) The energy content remaining in food after accounting for feces and urine.
C) The energy in food that can be converted directly into mechanical energy.
D) The energy derived from the macronutrients only.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

How does dietary fiber affect the metabolizable energy content of food?
A) Fiber increases the diffusion rate of digestion products towards the mucosal surface.
B) Fiber extends the transit time of food in the intestine, reducing absorption.
C) Fiber decreases the bulk and water-holding capacity of food in the gut.
D) Fiber aids in the rapid absorption of nutrients by thinning the mucosal layer.

Answer 4

B

Question 5

What factors determine the total energy expenditure in humans?
A) Basal metabolic rate, adaptive thermogenesis, and muscle mass.
B) Physical activity, diet-induced thermogenesis, and caloric intake.
C) Basal metabolic rate, the thermic effect of food, adaptive thermogenesis, and physical activity.
D) Caloric intake, frequency of meals, and environmental temperature.

Answer 5

C