Chapter 10: Agression and Warfare Flashcards
some researchers propose that we have evolved to be less aggressive through self-domestication
killing the most violent
female choice
Aggression as a solution to adaptive problems
co-opt the resources of others
defense against attacks
inflict a cost on intrasexual rivals
deter rivals from future aggression
humans stockpile resources valuable for survival and reproduction
resources of land
fertile women
access to water, food, tools, weapons
many means of acquiring resources held by others
social exchanges
stealing
trickery
aggression (at the individual or group level)
why are men more physically aggressive than women?
Intrasexual competition(evolution of “risk- taking )
Parental investment (Which sex has more to lose)
Sexual selection and sexual dimorphism(Testerone level)
The Crazy Bastard Hypothesis
the link between physical risk-taking and social perceptions of physical size, strength and potential for violent aggression
contexts triggering male-male aggression
martial and employment status
status and reputation
sexual jealousy and intrasexual rivalry
other factors intensifying female-female aggression and intrasex competition
age
operational sex ratio
high variance in male resources
defense against attack
when a woman is defending herself against a partner who is enraged over a real or suspected infidelity
women who have been in a prolonged physically abusive relationship
male warrior hypothesis
aggression stems from out-group threats and conflict
limited resources and in particular access to mates
warfare: 4 conditions
the benefits of long-term reproductive success must outweigh the consequences
members of the army or group must believe they are going to win
the risk of each member in the group to their success must all share in the benefits
men who go into battle must wear a “veil of ignorance” about who will live or who will die
slip up hypothesis
possibility for non-lethal violence to accidentally lead to murder
homicide adaptation theory
evolved specific psychological mechanisms that predispose them to kill under certain predictable circumstances
