KIDNEY FUNCTION TEST part 3

Question 1

What are the 3 categories of Azotemia?

Answer 1

Pre-renal Azotemia
Renal Azotemia
Post-renal Azotemia

Question 2

This category reduces blood flow to the kidneys, increase protein catabolism or degradation and increase urea w/o an increase in creatinine.

Answer 2

Pre-renal Azotemia

Question 3

What happens if less urea is excreted?

Answer 3

More urea is retained in the blood

Question 4

Under Renal Azotemia, what is the problem?

Answer 4

There is a defect in the glomerular filtration rate and there are lesions along renal parenchyma.

Question 5

What happens in the Post-renal azotemia?

Answer 5

Obstruction of Urine flow

Question 6

What is the normal BUN:CREATININE RATIO?

Answer 6

10-20:1

Question 7

What is the other name of CREATININE?

Answer 7

Anhydride of creatine

Question 8

How is creatinine produced?

Answer 8

1. Creatine loses water
2. Creatine phosphate loses phosphoric acid (dephosphorylation)

Question 9

What is the end product of muscle metabolism?

Answer 9

Creatinine

Question 10

What can be used to assess the completeness of a 24-hr urine specimen since this is excreted at a constant rate?

Answer 10

Creatinine

Question 11

The principal waste product of muscle metabolism is derived from?

Answer 11

Creatine

Question 12

This is used as an accurate monitor of kidney function.

Answer 12

Creatinine

Question 13

How is the formation of Creatine?

Answer 13

Transamination of Arginine and Lysine forming guanidinoacetic acid. As well as the methylation of guanidinoacetic acid.

Question 14

What is the muscles’ energy source?

Answer 14

Creatine Phosphate

Question 15

The Renal handling of Creatinine is via?

Answer 15

Glomerular filtration

Question 16

What is done to obtain the value of creatinine?

Answer 16

apply Jaffe reaction to trichloroacetic acid filtrate of serum

Question 17

What would be the product if Creatinine is reacted with Alkaline picrate?

Answer 17

Creatine picrate (red/yellow)

Question 18

What is the composition of Alkaline picrate?

Answer 18

Picric acid + sodium hydroxide

Question 19

What is the product measured under colorimetric: Jaffe’s reaction?

Answer 19

Red-orange complex known as Janovsky complex

Question 19

At what wavelength is Janovsky complex measured?

Answer 19

490 - 505 nm

Question 20

What is the preferred than the end point Jaffe reaction?

Answer 20

Kinetic Jaffe reaction

Question 21

In this reaction, most interfering substances require longer time before contributing significantly to the absorbance which happens in the end point.

Answer 21

Kinetic Jaffe Reaction

Question 22

This uses hydrated aluminum silicate to absorb
interfering substances.

Answer 22

Lloyd’s reagent / Fuller’s earth

Question 23

What is the absorbent that Lloyd’s reagent use?

Answer 23

Sodium Aluminum silicate

Question 24

What is the absorbent that Fuller’s earth use?

Answer 24

Aluminum magnesium silicate