15D.2 Flashcards
how do you name an ester
the first word comes from the name of the alkyl group attached to the O, and the second word comes from the alkyl attached to the carbon
how do you draw structural and skeletal formulas for ester
page 128
what are the physical properties of ester
- low boiling and melting points
- insoluble in water (all their hydrogen molecules are attached to carbon)
- colourless liquid
- present smells
what are the uses of ester
- perfumes
- food flavoring
- solvents
- anaesthetic
- biofuels
what is hydrolysis
the breaking down of a compound by water into two molecules ( reverse of esterification )
what is the chemical equation for the hydrolysis of esters in an acidic solution
page 130
what are the products of hydrolysis of esters in an acid solution
carboxylic acid and alcohol
what catalyst do we use for the reaction of hydrolysis of esters in an acid solution
sulfuric acid warmed with water (still not to completion since the eq doesn’t move but it speeds it up)
what is the chemical equationS for hydrolysis of esters in an alkaline solution
page 130
what is teh advantage and disadvantage of using hydrolysis of esters in an alkaline solution instead of an acidic solution
the disadvantage is that it forms a carboxylate salt that needs to be converted into carboxylic by adding H^+ (acid) and the advantage is that the reaction goes to completion and that outweighs the disadvantage
what is the substance added to form an alkaline solution in the hydrolysis of esters in an alkaline solution
AQ base os AQ NaOH
detergents are made from
organic compounds obtained from crude oil
w
what is the equation to make soup
page 130
what can glycerol make
- sweeteners in food
- toothpaste
- skincare
- liquid in cigarettes
