16 LEARNING + MEMORY Flashcards
process by experiences change our nervous system + bhvr which allows us to acquire new info from the envmt
LEARNING
ability to retain learned info that involves long term changes in the nervous system
MEMORY
INFO-PROCESSING MODEL OF MEMORY STEPS
- ENCODING
- CONSOLIDATION
- STORAGE
- RETRIEVAL
learning that produces changes in nervous system by encoding new info to be learned
ENCODING
process by which STM = converted into LTM
CONSOLIDATION
hyptohesis that memory can be divided into categories that reflect the type of info being remembered
MULTIPLE TRACE HYP OF MEMORY
2 TRACES OF LTM
- DECLARATIVE/EXPLICIT MEM
- NONDECLARATIVE/IMPLICIT MEM
2 TRACES OF DECLARATIVE MEM
- EPISODIC MEM (EVENTS)
- SEMANTIC MEM (FACTS)
4 TRACES OF NONDECLARATIVE MEM
- PROCEDURAL MEM
- PERCEPTUAL MEM
- CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
- NONASSOC LEARNING
brief period of time during which initial sensation of envmtl stimuli = initially remembered
SENSORY MEM
- LARGE capacity
- RAPID decay
- lasts for fraction of sec-few secs
- occurs in each of senses + allows individuals to retain experience of sensation slightly longer than OG stimulus
DESCRIPTION OF SENSORY MEM
brain region involved in SENSORY MEM
SENSORY ASSOCIATION AREAS
memory that = meaningful/salient enough to be passed on from SENSORY MEM
SHORT TERM MEM (WORKING MEM)
- SEVERELY LIMITED capacity (can be expanded thru CHUNKING)
- lasts for secs-mins (can be extended thru REHEARSAL)
DESCRIPTION OF STM
brain region involved in STM
PREFRONTAL CORTEX
memory btwn STM + LTM
INTERMEDIATE-TERM MEMORY
- lasts for hrs-days
may be transferred to LTM thru REHEARSAL
DESCRIPTION OF INTERMEDIATE-TERM MEM
memory of info that has been CONSOLIDATED from STM
LONG TERM MEMORY
- lasts for mins/days/decades
- NOT ALL info from STM makes it to LTM
- can be retrieved throughout lifetime (strengthen thru retrieval)
DESCRIPTION OF LTM
theory that memory fades away w time unless there is REHEARSAL
DECAY THEORY
theory that memory for other material INTERFERES w info we are trying to remember
INTERFERENCE THEORY
according to the ___ THEORY: we have better recall of info when the presentation of info = spaced out over time
INTERFERENCE
idea that we recall items BETTER when they are presented FIRST/LAST
PRIMACY/RECENCY
idea that memory system has ENOGUH RESOURCES to transfer items at BEGINNING of list into LTM
PRIMACY
