1.7 - Mitosis

Question 1

What are the steps of mitosis & cytokinesis (4 steps)

Answer 1

DNA condenses to form chromosomes.

Chromosomes line up along the center of the cells.

Cell fibers pull the two arms of each chromosome to opposite sides of the cell.

Cytokineses occurs: the entire cell divides to form two identical daughter cells.

Question 2

Multicellular organisms, like ourselves, require a continuous supply of new cells.

What are the three reasons why new cells are required?

Answer 2

Growth (we need more cells as we grow)

Development (we need new cell types as we develop new tissues)

Repair (we need to replace the cells that we lose each day)

Question 3

What is the cell cycle?

Answer 3

The series of steps that take place as a cell grows and then divides

Question 4

What are the steps of the cell cycle?

Answer 4

Cellular growth - the cell gets larger and produces more sub-cellular structures, such as mitochondria and ribosomes.

DNA replication - chromosomes duplicate, so that each consists of two arms (copies).

More cell growth.

Mitosis - the DNA divides into two.

Cytokinesis - the cell divides into two.

Question 5

How many pairs of chromosomes do most human cells have?

Answer 5

23

Question 6

Are the cells created by mitosis genetically identical to each other, or genetically different?

Answer 6

Genetically identical

Question 7

When a cell divides by mitosis, how many cells are produced?

Answer 7

2

Question 8

What do we commonly call the cells produced by mitosis?

Daughter cells

Offspring cells

Son cells

Answer 8

Daughter cells