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MIBO3500 > Chapter 2/4: Bacterial External Features > Flashcards

Chapter 2/4: Bacterial External Features Flashcards

1
Q

What four structures are found outside the bacterial envelope?

A

Flagella, Pili, Capsule, Surface array

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2
Q

What is the primary purpose of flagella?

A

Motility

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3
Q

What are the hollow, rigid filaments is flagella made of?

A

Flagellin

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4
Q

What term means a single flagellum at one pole?

A

Monotrichous

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5
Q

What term means two flagella at the same pole?

A

Bitrichous

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6
Q

What term means a flagella at each pole?

A

Amphitrichous

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7
Q

What term means a tuft of three or more flagella?

A

Lophotrichous

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8
Q

What term means a tuft of three or more flagella at both poles?

A

Amphilophotrichous

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9
Q

What is the name for a non-polar arrangement of flagella?

A

Peritrichous

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10
Q

What is flagella rotation driven by in bacteria?

A

Proton motive force

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11
Q

What are the three basic pieces of bacterial flagella?

A

Filament, Hook protein, Basal body

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12
Q

What piece of the bacterial flagella contains multiple flagellin proteins and is 5-10 um long?

A

Filament

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13
Q

What piece of the bacterial flagella connects the filament to the basal body and is the site of rotation?

A

Hook protein

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14
Q

What piece of the bacterial flagella produces torque on filament to turn it like a propeller?

A

Basal body

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15
Q

What piece of the bacterial flagella extends from the cytoplasm to cell wall?

A

Basal body

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16
Q

What two terms describe bacterial motility?

A

Runs, Tumbles

17
Q

What is the name for internal flagella?

A

Spirochete

18
Q

What type of filaments extend from the plasma membrane into the periplasm?

A

Axial filaments

19
Q

What are two types of non-flagellar bacterial motility?

A

Gliding motility, Twitching motility

20
Q

What bacterial structure helps cells stick to surfaces and is sometimes referred to as pili?

A

Fimbrae

21
Q

What bacterial structure helps cells transfer DNA and plasmids between cells?

A

Pili

22
Q

What bacterial structure is composed of a thick layer of polysaccharides surrounding the cell wall?

A

Capsules

23
Q

What bacterial structure allows adhesion to surfaces and defense against host immunity?

A

Capsules

24
Q

What bacterial structure can be used as an emergency organic carbon source?

A

Capsules

25
Q

What structure is composed of a crystalline array of interlocking proteins?

A

S-Layer

26
Q

What type(s) of cell(s) is/are S-layers found?

A

Gram positive, Gram negative

27
Q

What structure protects against predation, infection, and pH changes?

A

S-Layer

MIBO3500 (17 decks)

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