Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy and Physiology II > 18) Heart > Flashcards

18) Heart Flashcards

Chapter 18: Cardiovascular System: the Heart 1-25 quiz, 26-? notes (71 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

space containing serous fluid to reduce friction during heart beats

A

pericardial cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

distributes blood to body organs (systemic circuit) except lungs

A

aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

membranes around heart

A

pericardial sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

gives rise to left and right pulmonary arteries

A

pulmonary trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

supplies blood to heart muscles

A

coronary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

inner lining of heart chamber

A

endocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

prevents blood movement from right ventricle to right atria

A

tricuspid valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

drains blood from myocardium into the right atrium

A

coronary sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

layer largely compossed of cardiac muscle tissue

A

myocardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

drains blood from myocardial capilaries

A

cardiac vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

prevents blood movement from left ventricle to left atrium

A

mitral (bicuspid) valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

structure from which chordae tendineae originate

A

papillary muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

the location of pacemaker cells responsible for determining heart rate

A

sinoatrial node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the amount of blood that leaves the heart in one minute

A

cardiac output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the amount of blood that leaves the heart in one pump

A

stroke volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

responsible for keeping hear rate slow by innervating the nodes

A

parasympathetic division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

term for heart relaxation

A

diastole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

amount of blood in the heart after venous returm

A

EDV (end-diastolic volume)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

part of an ECG where the atria are depolarizing

A

P wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

term for heart contraction

A

systole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

cell type with special leak channels to auto depolarize

A

pacemaker cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

the phase of the cardiac cycle during ventricular systole when all valves are closed

A

isovolumetric contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

heart sounds are caused by

A

closing of AV valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

the phase of the cardiac cycle when blood is going through the major vessels

A

ventricular ejection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
part of an ECG where the ventricles are depolarizing
QRS complex
26
two circuits of the cardiovascular system
Pulmonary Circuit Systemic Circuit
27
pulmonary circuit
sends oxygen poor blood to the lungs to receive oxygen and release carbon dioxide
28
systemic circuit
sends oxygen and nutrient rich blood to body cells and removes waste
29
fibrous pericardium
outer fibrous bag that surrounds the heart
30
visceral pericardium
between the fibrous pericardium and the heart
31
parietal pericardium
base of the heart, visceral pericardium turns back on itself
32
pericardial space
space between the parietal and visceral layers
33
serous fluid
fluid between the spaces
34
epicardium
*serous membrane *protective covering *contains capillaries and nerve fibers
35
myocardium
*cardiac muscle *contracts to pump blood *arranged in whorls- when ventricular walls contract with a twisting motion, a "wringing" of blood out of ventricles into arteries
36
myocytes
cardiac cells
37
endocardium
*forms protective inner lining *membrane of epithelial and connective tissue
38
atria
receives blood returning to the heart
39
right atrium
*receives blood from systemic veins *inferiro vena cava *superior vena cava
40
left atrium
receives blood from pulmonary vein
41
auricles
extend anteriorly from the atria and increase atrial volume
42
ventricles
force blood out of the heart into arteries
43
right ventricle
*receives blood from the right atrium *sends blood to pulmonary circuit (pulmonary trunk)
44
left ventricle
*receives blood from left atrium *sends blood to systemic circuit (aorta)
45
tricuspid valve
*right A-V valve *between right atrium and right ventricle
46
mitral (bicuspid) valve
*left A-V valve *between left atrium an left ventricle
47
chordate tendineae
strong fibrous string that anchor valves to floor of ventricles
48
papillary muscles
muscles attached to the ventricle walls that hold chordate tendineae
49
pulmonary valve
*S-L valve (semilunar valve) *between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
50
aortic valve
*S-L valve (semilunar valve) *between left ventricle and aorta
51
interventricular septum
dense connective tissue between the ventricles
52
blood pathway
superior & inferior vena cava=> right atrium=> right ventricle=> pulmonary trunk=> lungs=> right and left pulmonary veins=> left atrium=> left ventricle=> aorta=> systemic circuit
53
blood pathway to the heart
aorta=> coronary arteries=> cardiac veins=> coronary sinus=> right atrium
54
systole
contraction of atria and ventricles
55
diastole
relaxation of atria and ventricles
56
atrial systole/ ventricular diastole
*70% of blood that enters ventricle dose so because of relaxed ventricle *30% of blood pushed by atrial systole *A-V valves open/ S-L valves close
57
ventricular systole/ atrial diastole
*A-V valves close *atrial relaxes *blood flows into atria *blood flows into pulm. trunk and aorta
58
heart sounds
first sound "lubb"- ventricular contraction, AV valves closing second sound "dupp"- ventricular relaxation, SL valves closing
59
differences cardiac and skeletal muscles
*fibers branch freely *intercalated discs-help spread depolarization *gap junctions- allow passage of ions *desmosomes- provide additional support
60
two types of cardiac muscle cells
*myocardial contractile cells *myocardial pacemaker/ conducting cells
61
myocardial contractile cells
*99% of cardiac cells *responsible for contractions that pump blood through the body
62
myocardial pacemaker cells
*1% of cardiac cells *smaller with fewer myofibrils/filaments *does not need nervous system stimulation
63
electrical contraction of the heart
*action potential initiated by pacemaker cell *pacemaker potential: K+ channels closed, Na+ channels open, causing interior + *depolarization: Ca2+ channels open, influx of Ca2+, rising phase of action potential *repolarization: K+ channels open, efflux of K+, cell interior -
64
cardiac conduction system
controls and synchronize cardiac muscle contraction
65
functional syncytium
*group of muscle cells that function as a unit *atrial syncytium *ventricular syncytium
66
sinoatrial node (S-A node)
*most excitable part of the system *below epicardium in the right atrium *continual with atrial syncytium *sets pace of impulse conduction "pacemaker" *impulse to R&L atria=> AV node
67
atrioventricular note (A-V node)
*inferior portion of the interatrial septum *provides normal conduction pathway between atrial and ventricular syncytium *impulses are slow *A-V node impulse pass to A-V bundle
68
subendocardial conducting network (Purkinge fibers)
*impulse to distant regions of ventricular myocardium faster than cell to cell junction *continuous with ventricular syncytium
69
echocardiogram (ECG)
records electrical changes that occur in myocardium
70
ECG waves
*P wave: atrial depolarization, atria=>SA node, end of p wave impulse transmission to AV node *QRS wave: ventricular repolarization, impulse down bundle, thru purkinje, ventricular muscle, ventricular contraction *T wave: ventricular repolarization, recovery of electrical charge in ventricles
71
regulation of cardiac cycle
*Parasympathetic fibers: medulla oblongata => SA & AV nodes, secrete acetylcholine, decrease in nodal activity & HR *Sympathetic fibers: spinal cord=> SA & AV nodes, secrete norephinepherine, increase in activity & HR *Temperature: increase HR in high temp, decrease HR in low temp *Ions: K+ affects electrical potential, Ca2+

Anatomy and Physiology II (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions