18 - Invertebrate Diversity

Question 1

3 Types of Body Symmetry

Answer 1

None - No symmetry

Radial - Multiple plains could be cut and have symmetrical sides

Bilateral - Only open plain of symmetry (heads)

Question 1

3 Types Coelom

Answer 1

Acoelomate

Pseudocoelomate

True Coelom (Coelomate)

Question 2

Coelom function

Answer 2

Absorb shock - contains fluid to cushion and protect organs.

Hydrostatic skeleton - fluid pressure in soft-bodied animals for support and movement

Immune System support - phagocytosis, inflammation, serration of humoral factors

Circulatory System - Coelomyctes transport nutrients, gases, and waste products. (Allows for larger Coelomates)

Independent movement of organs (heart, digestive tract)

Question 3

Hox Genes

Answer 3

Structures within proteins made within genes (unique to animals)

Question 4

Colonial Organism

Answer 4

All cells are identical and can live individually

Question 5

Multicellular Organism

Answer 5

Have specialized furcation and rely on each other

Question 6

Tissue Layers

Answer 6

Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm

Question 7

Ectoderm

Answer 7

Outside - epidermis and central nervous system

Question 8

Mesoderm

Answer 8

Middle - muscles and some organs

Question 9

Endoderm

Answer 9

Inside - digestive tract and associated organs

Question 10

Acoelomate

Answer 10

No coelom filled by mesoderm formed during embryonic development

Question 11

Pseudoocoelmate

Answer 11

Partially lined body cavity (cavity between endoderm and mesoderm)

Question 12

True Coelom (Eucelomate)

Answer 12

Body cavity lined with mesodermal tissue. Separating organs from the outer body

Question 13

Eucoelom (animals)

Answer 13

Eucoelom is a fluid-filled body cavity between the inner membrane. (True coelom in animals)

Question 14

Gastrovacualry Cavity

Answer 14

Simple Digestive system

One opening for food and waste (Mouth/Anus)

Intercellular digestion

Question 15

Complete digestive tract

Answer 15

More advanced Digestive system

2 Openings (Mouth = Food / Anus = Waste)

Extracellular digestion

Food Path - Mouth -> pass through hollow tube -> undergoes extraocular digestion -> Extra exits Anus as waste

Question 16

Open Circulatory System

Answer 16

Blood flows freely through cavities (hemocels) since there are no dedicated vessels.

Tissues bathed directly in blood

Less efficient sluggish blood flow

Typically smaller organisms with low metabolism

Question 17

Closed Circulatory System

Answer 17

Blood is enclosed within vessels.

The heart pumps blood for continuous circulation (Blood pumped at high pressure)

More efficient due to specialized vessels

Typically found in larger organisms with higher metabolism.

Question 18

All Chordate have?

Answer 18

3 Tissues
Bilateral Symmetry
Complete Digestive Tracts
True Coelom

Question 19

The most diverse class of Invertebrate

Answer 19

Anthropods
Have a hard exoskeleton for protection

Body segments allow for specialization of the body

Jointed appendages enhance movement and bodily functions

Bilateral symmetry efficient movement and perception

Variety appendages

Size range

Diverse mouth parts allow for specialized diet