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Pathophysiology > Trauma > Flashcards

Trauma Flashcards

0
Q

Heat promoting molecule

A

Pyrogens

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1
Q

signaling molecules made by oxidation of 20-carbon fatty acids

A

Eicosanoids

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2
Q

A substance that causes capillary walls to become more permeable

A

Histamine

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3
Q

an abnormal condition of the body, characterized by undue rise in temperature, quickening of the pulse, and disturbance of various body functions.

A

Fever

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4
Q

A group of substances that stimulates the immune system

A

Interferon

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5
Q

Increased blood flow to an injured area, causing heat and redness associated with inflammation

A

Hyperemia

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6
Q

The attraction of white blood cells to the site of inflammation

A

Chemotaxis

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7
Q

the passage of blood cells, especially leukocytes, through the unruptured walls of the capillaries into the tissues.

A

Diapedesis

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8
Q

The substance in the tissue associated with inflammation

A

Exudate

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9
Q

a yellow-white, more or less viscid substance produced by suppuration and found in abscesses, sores, etc., consisting of a liquid plasma in which white blood cells are suspended.

A

Pus

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10
Q

The excessive production of white blood cells

A

Leukocytosis

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11
Q

Bacteria that cause the formation of pus

A

Pyogenic

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12
Q

Condition caused by connective tissue fibers that anchor adjacent structures together

A

Adhesion

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13
Q

the loss or elimination of granules

A

Degranulation

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14
Q

White blood cells taking in and destroying foreign material

A

Phagocytosis

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15
Q

Cell death by fragmentation into membrane particles, which are phagocytosis by other cells

A

Apoptosis

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16
Q

Dead tissue caused by lack of blood flow to the area

A

Necrosis

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17
Q

Decreased concentration of oxygen in the blood due to low oxygen availability

A

Hypoxia

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18
Q

A deficiency of blood supply to any organ

A

Ischemia

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19
Q

Dead tissue that occurs due to lack of blood flow in any organ or area

A

Infarction

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20
Q

The decrease in size or function of an organ

A

Atrophy

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21
Q

Abnormal enlargement of an organ

A

Hypertrophy

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22
Q

abnormal multiplication of cells

A

Hyperplasia

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23
Q

abnormal growth or development of cells, tissue, bone, or an organ.

A

Dysplasia

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24
Q

the transformation of one type of tissue into another

A

Metaplasia

25
Q

a localized collection of pus in the tissues of the body, often accompanied by swelling and inflammation and frequently caused by bacteria

A

Abscess

26
Q

the process of creating new blood vessels. Cancer cells do this to support their growth.

A

Angioneogenesis

27
Q

any of a number of substances in blood plasma that are involved in the clotting process, such as factor VIII.

A

Clotting factor

28
Q

A set of two dozen proteins that react with one another, the products cause vasodilation,at tracks WBCs and directly attack and destroy microbes

A

Complement system

29
Q

Closely related to the clotting system and consists of more than a dozen blood proteins that interact to generate molecules that cause vasodilation and increase endothelial cell permeability

A

Kinin system

30
Q

Protein molecules secreted by cells that act to enhance immune reactions by attracting Leukocytes

A

Cytokines

31
Q

Condition where plasma leaks from blood into tissue, which swells as fluid accumulates

A

Edema

32
Q

Inflammatory nodules

A

Granuloma

33
Q

The body’s collective attempt to restore normal structure and function to the injured site or wound

A

Tissue repair

34
Q

The complete or nearly complete restoration of normal anatomy and function by regrowth of cells and tissue

A

Regeneration

35
Q

Normal functional cells

A

Parenchyma

36
Q

Supporting tissue

A

Stroma

37
Q

Scar formation

A

Fibrosis repair

38
Q

An abnormal hardening of a tissue

A

Sclerosis

39
Q

Cells with a short life & abundant stem cells (high continuous regenerative activity)
ie) bone marrow, epidermis, gastrointestinal & bronchial epithelium

A

Labile cells

40
Q

Cells with a long life and abundant stem cells (high regenerative activity with injury)
ie) liver, kidney

A

Stable cells

41
Q

Cells with no regeneration, scarring only

ie) brain, heart, skeletal muscle

A

Permanent cells

42
Q

A hyperplastic scar that is prominent, raised or nodular and contains excess collagen

A

Keloid

43
Q

a scraped spot or area

A

Abrasion

44
Q

A rough jagged tear

A

Laceration

45
Q

an injury, as from a blow with a blunt instrument, in which the subsurface tissue is injured but the skin is not broken; bruise.

A

Contusion

46
Q

a circumscribed collection of blood, usually clotted, in a tissue or organ, caused by a break in a blood vessel.

A

Hematoma

47
Q

a profuse discharge of blood, as from a ruptured blood vessel; bleeding.

A

Hemorrhage

48
Q

an injury of one point of an organ or part resulting from a blow on the opposite point.

A

Contrecoup

49
Q

a common form of arteriosclerosis in which fatty substances form a deposit of plaque on the inner lining of arterial walls.

A

atherosclerosis

50
Q

a sebaceous cyst.

a mass of yellowish fatty and cellular material that forms in and beneath the inner lining of the arterial walls.

A

Atheroma

51
Q

degenerative changes in the arteries, characterized by thickening of the vessel walls and accumulation of calcium with consequent loss of elasticity and lessened bloo

A

Arteriosclerosis

52
Q

intravascular coagulation of the blood in any part of the circulatory system, as in the heart, arteries, veins, or capillaries.

A

Thrombosis

53
Q

the dissolving or breaking up of a thrombus.

A

Thrombolytic

54
Q

a fibrinous clot that forms in and obstructs a blood vessel, or that forms in one of the chambers of the heart.

A

Thrombus

55
Q

undissolved material carried by the blood and impacted in some part of the vascular system, as thrombi or fragments of thrombi, tissue fragments, clumps of bacteria, protozoan parasites, fat globules, or gas bubbles.

A

Embolus

56
Q

a permanent cardiac or arterial dilatation usually caused by weakening of the vessel wall.

A

Aneurysm

57
Q

the state or condition of being varicose

A

Varicosity

58
Q

a narrowing of the lumen of a blood vessel.

a congenital anomaly of the heart in which there is a narrowing of the aorta, resulting in abnormal blood flow.

A

Coarctation

59
Q

closure or blockage of a blood vessel

A

Occlusion

60
Q

subnormal body temperature.

A

hypothermia

Pathophysiology (10 decks)

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