1905-20 Gov Action + War

Question 1

What percentage of men in Manchester slums were unfit to serve in the boer war

Answer 1

90%

Question 2

Who conducted surveys to assess the poverty level in the UK

Answer 2

Seebohm Rowntree and Charles Booth

Question 3

What did rowntree and booth find

Answer 3

Large number of people lived on or below the poverty line.

Question 4

When did the liberal party win election

Answer 4

1906

Question 5

When did the liberal government bring in free school meals

Answer 5

1906

Question 6

When did the liberal government set up school clinics for diseases like ringworm and lice

Answer 6

1907

Question 7

When and what - children and young persons act 1908

Answer 7

1908- Illegal to sell children tobacco or alcohol. Also illegal to send a child out begging, or to neglect a child

Question 8

When were old age pensions introduced

Answer 8

1908

Question 9

When were the labour exchanges set up

Answer 9

1909

Question 10

How did the liberal government pay for the reforms (2)

Answer 10

1. Some parts via tax
2. Others via local authorities

Question 11

What was response to the liberal reforms

Answer 11

People accepted the new role of government, but weren’t happy when they raised tax to pay for it

Question 12

What did the liberal government reforms show

Answer 12

The government understood that poor hygiene, living conditions and diet affected resistance to disease and ability to pay for treatment

Question 13

What was a downfall of the school medical clinics

Answer 13

Treatment wasn’t paid for, only diagnosis. This meant that some people couldn’t afford treatment

Question 14

What was a problem with the medical system in 1900

Answer 14

You had to pay for every visit to the doctor, so poor people would only go when their condition became really bad, at which point the doctor was often unable to aid

Question 15

What was a sick club

Answer 15

Patients would pay a regular amount each week to allow treatment to be paid for when necessary. Practically insurance

Question 16

National insurance act - when and what

Answer 16

1911 - workers and employers paid into it. Any worker who became ill would receive free healthcare from a doctor and sickness benefit.

It also provided maternity grants and unemployment benefits

Question 17

What impact did the sickness and unemployment benefits have

Answer 17

It prevented a family falling below the poverty line if the main wage earner lost their job or fell ill

Question 18

Health visitors - when and what

Answer 18

1907 - they would visit homes to check on health of young children.

Question 19

What were labour exchanges

Answer 19

A place where the unemployed could go to look for work

Question 20

What did ww1 catalyse

Answer 20

Greater development in medical treatment to cope with the greater development in weapons

Question 21

What was the biggest problem in ww1 in terms of disease

Answer 21

Gangrene - blood supply can’t reach part of the body, so it rots. Often fatal

Question 22

How many British soldiers were injured in gas attacks

Answer 22

186,000

Question 23

What were some issues in the trenches

Answer 23

Trench foot
Lice
Rats

Question 24

What were regimental aid posts

Answer 24

First aid available

Question 25

What were dressing stations

Answer 25

Medical officers

Question 26

What were casualty clearing stations

Answer 26

Places were critical injured patients from the war would go. They were close to railways so the patients were sent to better equipped hospitals in the area, or to Britain

Question 27

How many nurses were there in the British army in 1914 and 1918

Answer 27

14 - 300 18. 10,000

Question 28

Name 3 groups that allowed women to take key roles in ww1 frontlines

Answer 28

QAIMNS FANY VADs

Question 29

Why were some women against allowing volunteer women into the army

Answer 29

The qualified nurses thought that it took away from their prestige

Question 30

What percentage of doctors were women pre ww1

Answer 30

Less than 1%

Question 31

How did ww1 allow for the role of women in meds to increase

Answer 31

Over half of male doctors left to fight so there was a demand

Question 32

What happened to women who were doctors during ww1

Answer 32

After the war they were expected to return to their GP positions

Question 33

How many London hospital schools accepted women post ww1

Answer 33

12

Question 34

How many qualified women doctors were there in 1911 and 1921

Answer 34

1911 - 610 1921 - 1,500

Question 35

What problems did x-rays face (4)

Answer 35

1. They could not be used to identify fragments of clothing in wounds 2. The wounded had to stay still for some time which was often difficult due to pain 3. The glass tubes in x-ray machines often overheated so they couldn’t be in continuous use 4 . The high dose of radiation could cause burns (they didnt understand the cancer risk though)

Question 36

What was added to blood to stop clotting and when was this discovered

Answer 36

Sodium citrate 1915

Question 37

When was it discovered that blood could be stored if refrigerated and by who

Answer 37

Richard Weil - 1915

Question 38

When was indirect transfusion developed

Answer 38

1915

Question 39

What was the key ingredient for storing blood and when was it first used

Answer 39

1916 - glucose citrate

Question 40

When was the first battle where a blood bank was used

Answer 40

Cambrai - 1917

Question 41

What blood type was used at the battle of cambrai

Answer 41

O

Question 42

Why was type o blood used in blood banks

Answer 42

It could be administered to anyone (however they didn’t know why)

Question 43

What was done to infected tissue

Answer 43

It was removed and the wound was cleaned

Question 44

What was a skin graft

Answer 44

Tissue was taken from one part of the body and used to repair another part of the

Question 45

How many plastic surgeries did Harold Gillies do in ww1

Answer 45

12,000