1st Line Flashcards

1st line investigations for all pathogies. (54 cards)

1
Q

Pulmonary embolus

Well’s score >4

A

CTPA

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2
Q

Pulmonary embolus

Well’s score <4

A

D-dimer

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3
Q

Pneumothorax

A

CXR

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4
Q

Peptic ulcer
<55yr
No red flags

A

13C urea breath test

Stool antigen test

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5
Q

Peptic ulcer
>55yrs
Red flags (WL, bleeding, anaemia, vomiting, early satiety, dysphagia)

A

OGD endoscopy and biopsy

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6
Q

Hiatus hernia

A

Barium swallow

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7
Q

GORD

A

Clinical diagnosis

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8
Q

GORD

On PPIs but symptoms persist

A

Endoscopy

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9
Q

Oesophageal cancer

A

Endoscopy and biopsy

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10
Q

Dysphagia with red flags

A

Endoscopy

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11
Q

Achalasia

A

Barium swallow

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12
Q

Mallory-Weiss tear

A

Endoscopy

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13
Q

Oesophgeal varices

A

FBC
LFT
U+E

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14
Q

Ruptured peptic ulcer

A

BP- rule out shock

Bloods- rule out varices

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15
Q

Crohn’s

A

Stool sample

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16
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

Stool sample

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17
Q

Coeliac disease

A

Stool sample

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18
Q

Anal fissure

A

Clinical diagnosis

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19
Q

Haemorrhoids

A

Digital rectal exam

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20
Q

Viral hepatitis

A

Liver function tests

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21
Q

Gallstones

A

LFTs

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22
Q

Primary biliary cirrhosis

23
Q

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

24
Q

Diverticular disease

A

FBC (leukocytosis)

25
Inguinal hernia
Clinical diagnosis
26
Femoral hernia
Clinical diagnosis
27
Molluscum contagiosum
Clinical diagnosis
28
Atopic eczema
Clinical diagnosis
29
Contact dermatitis
Skin patch test
30
Erythema multiforme
Clinical diagnosis
31
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Clinical diagnosis
32
Septic arthritis
Joint aspiration
33
Gout
Synovial fluid polarised light microscopy
34
Pseudoout
Synovial fluid polarised light microscopy
35
Osteoarthritis
Joint XR
36
Ankylosing spondylitis
XR pelvis
37
Osteomalacia
Bloods | Vit D, PTH, Ca, PO4, ALP etc
38
Paget's disease of bone
ALP- very very high
39
Haemophilia A/B
APTT
40
Prostate cancer
PSA
41
Urinary tract calculi
Urine dipstick
42
Testicular torsion
Exploratory surgery
43
Renal artery stenosis
Urinalysis
44
UTI
Urine dip
45
Renal cell carcinoma
USS
46
Diabetes insipidus
U+E, glucose
47
Acromegaly/gigantism
Serum IGF-1
48
Adrenal insufficiency
9am cortisol
49
Cushing's syndrome
24hr urinary free cortisol
50
Hyperaldosteronism
Aldosterone/renin ratio (raised)
51
Phaeochromocytoma
24hr urinary catecholamines, metanephrines, normetanephrines, and creatinine
52
Pernicious anaemia
Serum vit B12
53
Stroke/TIA
CT head
54
Folate deficiency
Bloods eg. FBC, serum folate